Journal ArticleDOI
Confirmational Response Bias Among Social Work Journals
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TLDR
The authors reported the results of a study of confirmational response bias among social work journals and found that the best reviews came from journals outside of soccal work or from journals that were accepted as social work journal but originate with other disciplines.Abstract:
This article reports the results of a study of confirmational response bias among social work journals. A contrived research paper with positive findings and its negative mirror image were submitted to two different groups of social work journals and to two comparison groups of journals outside social work. The quantitative results, suggesting bias, are tentative; but the qualitative findings based upon an analysis of the referee comments are clear and consistent. Few referees from prestigious or nonprestcgrous social work journals prepared reviews that were knowledgeable, scientifically astute, or objective. The best reviews came from journals outside of soccal work or from journals that are accepted as social work journals but originate with other disciplines.read more
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The reliability of peer review for manuscript and grant submissions: A cross-disciplinary investigation
TL;DR: The reliability of peer review of scientific documents and the evaluative criteria scientists use to judge the work of their peers are critically reexamined with special attention to the consistently low levels of reliability that have been reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Testing for the presence of positive-outcome bias in peer review: a randomized controlled trial.
Gwendolyn B. Emerson,Winston J. Warme,Fredric M. Wolf,James D. Heckman,Richard A. Brand,Seth S. Leopold +5 more
TL;DR: Positive-outcome bias was present during peer review and a fabricated manuscript with a positive outcome was more likely to be recommended for publication than was an otherwise identical no-difference manuscript.
Posted Content
Peer Review for Journals: Evidence on Quality Control, Fairness, and Innovation
TL;DR: This paper reviews the published empirical evidence concerning journal peer review consisting of 68 papers, all but three published since 1975, and proposes proposals to change the decision from whether to publish a paper to how to publish it.
References
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Book
Scientific knowledge and its social problems
TL;DR: Ravetz's new introductory essay as discussed by the authors is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades, demonstrating the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error in scientific research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Publication prejudices: An experimental study of confirmatory bias in the peer review system
TL;DR: In this paper, 75 journal reviewers were asked to referee manuscripts which described identical experimental procedures but which reported positive, negative, mixed, or no results, showing poor interrater agreement and strongly biased against manuscripts which reported results contrary to their theoretical perspective.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peer-review practices of psychological journals: The fate of published articles, submitted again
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt to study the peer-review process directly, in the natural setting of actual journal referee evaluations of submitted manuscripts, was made. But the results showed that only three (8%) of the 38 editors and reviewers detected the resubmissions.
BookDOI
The professional altruist : the emergence of social work as a career, 1880-1930
TL;DR: The arene-metal tricarbonyl catalyst is more selective than conventionally employed Friedel-Craft catalysts in that it yields generally para isomers with little of the ortho variety and very little if any of the meta variety when the aromatic substrate is reacted with organic halide as mentioned in this paper.