Journal ArticleDOI
Continuous devulcanization of waste tires by using a Co‐rotating twin screw extruder: Effects of screw configuration, temperature profile, and devulcanization agent concentration
TLDR
In this paper, the response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to predict SBR/NR devulcanization behavior in a co-rotating twin screw extruder.Abstract:
Recently, for reasons both economical and environmental, recycling of waste tires based on (styrene butadiene rubber)/(natural rubber) (SBR/NR) has been widely considered. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to predict SBR/NR devulcanization behavior in a co-rotating twin screw extruder. In this study, variable parameters were barrel temperature, screw configuration, and content of devulcanization agent. A Box-Behnken design for the three variables, at three levels, was chosen. The sol fraction of devulcanized rubber, Δtorque (difference between maximum and minimum curing torque), and mechanical properties of revulcanizate samples were considered as the responses. The results indicated that an increase of devulcanization agent content at a certain temperature caused the sol fraction to increase. Samples including a higher sol fraction showed a lower cross-link density. Sol fraction for high shear rate screw configuration was lower than that for other screw configurations. Tensile strength of revulcanized rubber showed a decrease with a rise of devulcanization temperature. Moreover, a relationship connecting the residence time in the extruder with stagger angle and length of different kneading blocks were obtained. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 19:65–72, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineersread more
Citations
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From landfilling to vitrimer chemistry in rubber life cycle
Lucie Imbernon,Sophie Norvez +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a new approach for the design of dynamic bridges making the resulting rubber recyclable and even self-healing in some cases, based on the Cradle to Cradle approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recycling of rubber wastes by devulcanization
TL;DR: In this paper, a literature review on rubber recycling by devulcanization is presented, focusing on the thermomechanical method, those in the presence of supercritical CO2 and, finally, the combined thermmechanical process with supercritical carbon dioxide atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization and supercritical CO2 devulcanization of cryo-ground tire rubber: Influence of devulcanization process on reclaimed material
TL;DR: In this article, ground truck-tire rubber (GTR) was characterized and subsequently devulcanized in supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) in the presence of Diphenyl Disulfide (DD) as an additive additive agent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of volatile low molecular weight compounds formed during continuous reclaiming of ground tire rubber
TL;DR: In this article, the progress of ground tire rubber reclaiming was evaluated with specific mechanical energy, sol fraction and thermogravimetric analysis using dynamic headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DHS-GC-MS).
Journal ArticleDOI
Reclaiming waste tire rubber by an irradiation technique
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of several devulcanizing agents, including hexadecylamine (HDA), Diphenyl disulfide (DPDS), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiozyl sulfenamide (CBS) 2-mercaptobenzothiazole disulfides (MBTS), and two types of the oils, aromatic and paraffinic with various contents in different irradiation temperatures was studied.
References
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Journal Article
The Design and Analysis of Experiments
TL;DR: This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for "experimenters") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment.
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Novel Ultrasonic Technology for Devulcanization of Waste Rubbers
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel patent-protected process and several reactors have been developed for devulcanization of waste rubbers, based on the use of the high power ultrasonics.
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Pyrolysis-FTIR and TGA techniques as tools in the characterization of blends of natural rubber and SBR
TL;DR: In this article, high-resolution thermogravimetric analysis (Hi-Res TGA) is used to quantify the elastomer composition of SBR/NR in tyre formulations.
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Geometry of fully wiped twin‐screw equipment
TL;DR: In this paper, the cross section geometry of fully wiped corotating twin screws is derived from simple kinematic principles, and the construction of the screw cross section is shown, both for pairs of identical screws, and for screws with a speed ratio.
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Devulcanization of Waste Tire Rubber by Powerful Ultrasound
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the effect of ultrasound amplitude, gap thickness and duration of ground rubber tire devulcanization on the performance of re-vulcanized ground rubber.