Journal ArticleDOI
Control of cooling during spray forming of bearing steel billets
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TLDR
In this article, the effects of heating around the bearing steel billets, gas cooling at the substrate bottom and the gas flow over the deposits were investigated both by numerical simulation and experiment.Abstract:
In an effort to minimize the distortion of bearing steel rings during the production process, 100Cr6 steel billets are spray formed with a unique cooling control system to control the cooling and solidification behavior of the deposits. Effects of heating around the deposits, gas cooling at the substrate bottom and the gas flow over the deposits are investigated both by numerical simulation and experiment. Porosity profiles and microstructures of spray formed bearing steel are examined and evaluated. The investigation results show that the thermal boundary conditions of the deposits play important roles on the cooling and solidification behavior of the deposits, especially at the deposit periphery. Porosity in the 100Cr6 bearing steel deposit can be reduced significantly with the special cooling control system.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Steels for bearings
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure and properties of bearing steels prior to the point of service are first assessed and described in the context of steelmaking, manufacturing and engineering requirements, followed by a thorough critique of the damage mechanisms that operate during service and in accelerated tests.
Book
Spray Simulation: Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Sprayforming metals
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an introduction to the various modelling and simulation techniques employed in spray forming, and show how they are applied in process analysis and development, wherever possible, they discuss theoretical results with reference to experimental data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bulk synthesis by spray forming of Al–Cu–Fe and Al–Cu–Fe–Sn alloys containing a quasicrystalline phase
Vikas C Srivastava,Elina Huttunen-Saarivirta,Chengsong Cui,Volker Uhlenwinkel,Alwin Schulz,Nilay Krishna Mukhopadhyay +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and hardness of spray-deposited bulk materials were characterized in terms of microstructures and hardness, showing that the hardness indentations in Al-Cu-Fe alloy introduced cracking in the material, whereas the Sn-rich areas inhibited the crack growth.
Book ChapterDOI
Simulations of Temperatures, Residual Stresses, and Porosity Measurements in Spray Formed Super Alloys Tubes
TL;DR: In this paper, a simulation tool for the temperature distribution which incorporates all necessary sub steps (metal deposition on the substrate, heat transfer across the surface by convection and radiation) is developed to calculate residual stresses during different process steps.
Dissertation
Modelling and experimental study of the spray forming of dissimilar metals
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented, conference presentation and beam times for beam beam beam times and dedications, and acknowledgements of the authors and the beam beam and beam beam.
References
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Book
Spray Atomization and Deposition
Enrique J. Lavernia,Yue Wu +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of Spray Deposition Processing of Composites (SPP) techniques for spray deposition processing of composites, including heat transfer and solidification of droplets.
Journal Article
The osprey process: principles and applications
A. G. Leatham,A. Lawley +1 more
TL;DR: Spray forming in the Osprey mode involves the sequential stages of atomization and droplet consolidation to produce near-net shape preforms as mentioned in this paper, with particular reference to the processing science base and attendant metallurgical principles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical investigation of alternative process conditions for influencing the thermal history of spray deposited billets
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the time dependent thermal conditions and solidification behavior in spray formed billets and compared with experimental results using a transient numerical simulation, and an investigation of the influence of different process parameters on the time-dependent temperature field and the solidification history within billets are shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spray Forming Commercial Products: Principles and Practice
A. Lawley,A.G. Leatham +1 more
TL;DR: Spray forming in the Osprey mode utilizes the sequential steps of atomization and droplet consolidation to produce near-net-shape preforms as mentioned in this paper, which can be used for spray forming of billets, rolls, rings and tubing.