Journal ArticleDOI
Des‐γ‐carboxyprothrombin, α‐fetoprotein and AFP‐L3 in patients with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Francisco Durazo,Lawrence M Blatt,William G Corey,Jiing-Huey Lin,Steven Han,Sammy Saab,Ronald W. Busuttil,Myron J. Tong +7 more
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TLDR
The study aim was to define the level of each tumor marker with the best and specificity for HCC diagnosis and to correlate the levels of these markers with respect to size and tumor burden.Abstract:
Background and Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common complication in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Detection of HCC at an early stage is critical for a favorable clinical outcome. The study aim was to: (i) compare the levels of des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and AFP-L3 in HCC patients and in chronic viral hepatitis patients without HCC; (ii) define the level of each tumor marker with the best sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis; and (iii) to correlate the levels of these markers with respect to size and tumor burden.
Methods: Two hundred and forty patients with either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were studied. These included 144 with HCC, 47 with chronic hepatitis (fibrosis stage I–III on liver biopsy) and 49 with cirrhosis.
Results: Levels of DCP, AFP and AFP L-3 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in those without HCC (P ≤ 0.0001). Receiver–operating curves (ROC) indicated that the cut-off value with the best sensitivity and specificity for each test was ≥84 mAU/mL for DCP, ≥25 ng/mL for AFP and ≥10% for AFP-L3. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for DCP was 87%, 85% and 86.8%, for AFP 69%, 87% and 69.8%, and for AFP-L3 56%, 90% and 56.1%, respectively. DCP levels were below the ROC cut-off in all patients without HCC. In patients with single lesions, there was a direct correlation of DCP to tumor size. High levels of AFP correlated with diffuse type of HCC. All three markers were significantly elevated in the presence of metastatic HCC. No advantage was observed by combining two or three markers for HCC diagnosis.
Conclusion: DCP had the highest sensitivity and PPV for HCC diagnosis, had a direct correlation with tumor size, and was not elevated in any patients without HCC. DCP should be used as the main serum test for HCC detection.read more
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NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: hepatobiliary cancers.
Al B. Benson,Thomas A. Abrams,Edgar Ben-Josef,P. Mark Bloomston,Jean F. Botha,Bryan M. Clary,Anne M. Covey,Steven A. Curley,Michael I. D'Angelica,Rene Davila,William D. Ensminger,John F. Gibbs,Daniel Laheru,Mokenge P. Malafa,Jorge Marrero,Steven G. Meranze,Sean J. Mulvihill,James O. Park,James A. Posey,Jasgit Sachdev,Riad Salem,Elin R. Sigurdson,Constantinos T. Sofocleous,Jean-Nicolas Vauthey,Alan P. Venook,Laura W. Goff,Yun Yen,Andrew X. Zhu +27 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, surveillance, and diagnosis.
TL;DR: If all factors are in place most HCCs can be cured, and an algorithm has been developed that allows for diagnosis of very early HCC lesions that have high cure rates with appropriate treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Performance of PIVKA-II for early hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and prediction of microvascular invasion.
Nicolas Poté,Nicolas Poté,François Cauchy,François Cauchy,Miguel Albuquerque,Hélène Voitot,Jacques Belghiti,Laurent Castera,Hervé Puy,Hervé Puy,Pierre Bedossa,Pierre Bedossa,Valérie Paradis,Valérie Paradis +13 more
TL;DR: PIVKA-II was more efficient than AFP for the diagnosis of early HCC, and could be used as a predictive biomarker of MVI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment Response Assessment.
TL;DR: The clinical utility and foreseen future of HCC biomarkers implicated in surveillance, diagnosis, prognosis, and post-treatment assessment are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines for Use of Tumor Markers in Liver, Bladder, Cervical, and Gastric Cancers
Catharine M. Sturgeon,Michael J. Duffy,Barry R. Hofmann,Rolf Lamerz,Herbert A. Fritsche,Katja N. Gaarenstroom,Johannes M.G. Bonfrer,Thorsten H. Ecke,H. Barton Grossman,Peter C. Hayes,Ralf-Thorsten Hoffmann,Seth P. Lerner,Florian Löhe,Johanna Louhimo,Ihor S. Sawczuk,Kazuhisa Taketa,Eleftherios P. Diamandis +16 more
TL;DR: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) may be used in conjunction with abdominal ultrasound for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis associated with hepatitis B or C virus infection.
References
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