Journal ArticleDOI
Development and application range of mathematical models for 3-way catalytic converters
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TLDR
In this paper, a two-dimensional 3-way catalytic converter model is presented, featuring a number of innovations regarding the catalyst transient behaviour, the reaction kinetics and the solution procedure.Abstract:
The need for reliable 3-way catalytic converter modeling in the design of demanding exhaust systems for low-emitting vehicles has been widely recognised. Although a number of related models have been presented in the literature, the efficient performance in actual 3-way applications requires further development and validation. The major difficulties posed in such modeling efforts arise from the complexities in the reaction schemes and the respective rate expressions for the multitude of currently used catalytic formulations. This paper presents a two-dimensional catalytic converter model, featuring a number of innovations regarding the catalyst transient behaviour, the reaction kinetics and the solution procedure. The oxygen storage submodel presented is capable of accounting for the redox and temperature dependence of the oxygen availability under transient operation. The redox sensitivity of the reaction scheme gives a clearer insight in the ‘lambda-window’ behavior of 3-way catalysts. The application range of the model and the expected accuracy levels in the most common engineering problems are discussed. It is concluded, that although the task of predicting emissions over random driving scenarios is quite demanding in both chemical kinetics and inlet conditions data, most optimization applications may be sufficiently handled with existing kinetic expression information.read more
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Sébastien Royer,Daniel Duprez,Fabien Can,Xavier Courtois,Catherine Batiot-Dupeyrat,Said Laassiri,Said Laassiri,Houshang Alamdari +7 more
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Catalytic automotive exhaust aftertreatment
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of catalytic systems in automobile emission control is discussed, and a review of the catalytic technology applicable in each case, the operating principles and performance characteristics, durability aspects and considerations regarding the interactions between catalyst performance and engine management are presented.
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Detailed surface reaction mechanism in a three-way catalyst
TL;DR: The performance of the catalyst was simulated under lean, nearly stoichiometric and rich conditions, and the oxidation of propene and carbon monoxide and the reduction of NO on a typical Pt/Rh coated three-way catalyst were simulated as a function of temperature.
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An overview of process systems engineering approaches for process intensification: State of the art
TL;DR: An overview of the development of various process intensification technologies, specifically those under the categories of separation, reaction, hybrid reaction/separation, and alternative energy sources are provided.
Reference EntryDOI
Heterogeneous Catalysis and Solid Catalysts
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the chemical properties of catalysts and their application in the industrial domain of catalytic cycle and show that they can be classified into three classes: simple binary oxides, complex multicomponent oxides and metal catalysts.
References
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Book
Convective Heat and Mass Transfer
W. M. Kays,J. H. Whitelaw +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the echangeurs de : chaleur, couche de : limite, modeles de : turbulence, transfert de masse reference record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetic Study of Carbon Monoxide and Propylene Oxidation on Platinum Catalysts
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative kinetic studies of CO$z.sbnd;O2 and CO$z.sbnd;NO reactions over single crystal and supported rhodium catalysts
TL;DR: In this paper, the kinetics of the CO-O2 and CO-NO reactions over single crystal Rh(111) and over alumina-supported Rh catalysts have been compared at realistic reactant pressures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transients of monolithic catalytic converters. Response to step changes in feedstream temperature as related to controlling automobile emissions
Se H. Oh,James C. Cavendish +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Mass and heat transfer effects in catalytic monolith reactors
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-dimensional finite-element simulator was used to examine previously reported studies of propane and carbon monoxide combustion in excess oxygen, and the results from the simulations are much higher than results which have been reported in the literature for experimental work.
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