Developmental Influences, Muscle Morphology, and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Men
Harnish P. Patel,Karen A. Jameson,Holly E. Syddall,Helen J Martin,Claire E. Stewart,Cyrus Cooper,Avan Aihie Sayer +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This is the first study showing that lower birth weight is associated with a significant decrease in muscle fibre score, suggesting that developmental influences on muscle morphology may explain the widely reported associations betweenLower birth weight and sarcopenia.Abstract:
Background. Sarcopenia is associated with disability, morbidity, and mortality. Lower birth weight is associated with reduced muscle mass and strength in older people, suggesting that developmental influences are important in sarcopenia. However, underlying mechanisms are unknown. Our objective was to determine whether low birth weight is associated with altered skeletal muscle morphology in older men. Methods. Ninety-nine men with historical records of birth weight (≤3.18 kg and ≥3.63 kg), aged 68–76 years, consented for detailed characterization of muscle, including a biopsy of the vastus lateralis. Tissue was processed for immunohistochemical studies and analyzed to determine myofibre density, area, and score. Results. Muscle fibre score (fibres kilograms per square millimeter ) was significantly reduced in those with lower birth weight: 1.5 × 10 3 vs 1.7 × 10 3 , p = .04 unadjusted; p = .09 adjusted for age, height, and physical activity. In addition, there was a trend for reduced myofibre density (fibres per square millimeter ) in those with lower birth weight: total fibre density: 176 vs 184, type I myofibre density: 77 vs 80, and type II myofibre density: 99 vs 105. Types I and II myofibre areas (square micrometers) were larger in those with lower birth weight: type I: 4903 vs 4643 and type II: 4046 vs 3859. However, none of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions. This is the first study showing that lower birth weight is associated with a significant decrease in muscle fibre score, suggesting that developmental influences on muscle morphology may explain the widely reported associa tions between lower birth weight and sarcopenia. However, the study may have been underpowered and did not include women supporting replication in larger cohorts of older men and women.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogenesis and Management of Sarcopenia.
TL;DR: Despite its clinical importance, sarcopenia remains under-recognized and poorly managed in routine clinical practice, due to a lack of available diagnostic testing and uniform diagnostic criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
New horizons in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of sarcopenia
Avan Aihie Sayer,Sian M. Robinson,Harnish P. Patel,Tea Shavlakadze,Cyrus Cooper,Miranda D. Grounds +5 more
TL;DR: Future directions will include a deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of sarcopenia and the application of a lifecourse approach to understanding aetiology as well as to informing the optimal timing of interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Skeletal Muscle Possesses an Epigenetic Memory of Hypertrophy
Robert A. Seaborne,Robert A. Seaborne,Juliette A. Strauss,Matthew Cocks,Sam O. Shepherd,Thomas D. O'Brien,Ken A. van Someren,Phillip G. Bell,Chris Murgatroyd,James P. Morton,Claire E. Stewart,Adam P. Sharples,Adam P. Sharples +12 more
TL;DR: GRIK2, TRAF1, BICC1, STAG1 were epigenetically sensitive to acute exercise demonstrating hypomethylation after a single bout of resistance exercise that was maintained 22 weeks later with the largest increase in gene expression and muscle mass after reloading.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does skeletal muscle have an ‘epi’-memory? The role of epigenetics in nutritional programming, metabolic disease, aging and exercise
TL;DR: It is believed that understanding the ‘epi’‐memory of skeletal muscle will enable the next generation of targeted therapies to promote muscle growth and reduce muscle loss to enable healthy aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia: A Contemporary Health Problem among Older Adult Populations
TL;DR: The prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults, its etiology, prevention, and treatment techniques are reported, and physical activity and nutrition are the main studied ways to prevent sarc Openia.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft,Jean-Pierre Baeyens,Jürgen M. Bauer,Yves Boirie,Tommy Cederholm,Francesco Landi,Finbarr C. Martin,Jean-Pierre Michel,Yves Rolland,Stéphane M. Schneider,Eva Topinkova,Maurits Vandewoude,Mauro Zamboni +12 more
TL;DR: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) developed a practical clinical definition and consensus diagnostic criteria for age-related sarcopenia as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of In Utero and Early-Life Conditions on Adult Health and Disease
TL;DR: Evidence from several disciplines is synthesized to support the contention that environmental factors acting during development should be accorded greater weight in models of disease causation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Loss of Skeletal Muscle Strength, Mass, and Quality in Older Adults: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study
Bret H. Goodpaster,Seok Won Park,Tamara B. Harris,S. B. Kritchevsky,Michael C. Nevitt,Ann V. Schwartz,Eleanor M. Simonsick,Frances A. Tylavsky,Marjolein Visser,Anne B. Newman +9 more
TL;DR: Although the loss of muscle mass is associated with the decline in strength in older adults, this strength decline is much more rapid than the concomitant loss of Muscle mass, suggesting a decline in muscle quality.
Journal ArticleDOI
What is the cause of the ageing atrophy? Total number, size and proportion of different fiber types studied in whole vastus lateralis muscle from 15- to 83-year-old men
TL;DR: The results show that the ageing atrophy of this muscle begins around 25 years of age and thereafter accelerates, and suggest the occurrence of several other age-related adaptive mechanisms which could influence fiber sizes and fiber number, as well as enzyme histochemical fiber characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
The healthcare costs of sarcopenia in the United States
TL;DR: To estimate the healthcare costs of sarcopenia in the United States and to examine the effect that a reduced sarc Openia prevalence would have on healthcare expenditures.