Journal ArticleDOI
Distributions of habitat suitability and the abundance-occupancy relationship.
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A general analytical version of this model predicts that the skewness of population size or aggregation of individuals within sites should vary systematically with density and occupancy, depending on the distribution of habitat suitability, and that the variance in occupancy should be highest at low densities.Abstract:
Positive abundance‐occupancy relationships (a relationship between the number of sites a species occupies and the average density of individuals in occupied sites) are widespread through a range of taxa. The simplest model for this is the “vital rates” model, which proposes that habitat suitability varies spatially; increasing average habitat quality thus leads to simultaneous increases in average densities within occupied areas, as well as the total area that is habitable. This model has not been tested. We develop a general analytical version of this model and show that it predicts that the skewness of population size or aggregation of individuals within sites should vary systematically with density and occupancy, depending on the distribution of habitat suitability, and that the variance in occupancy should be highest at low densities. We compare these predictions with data from the British Trust for Ornithology’s Common Birds Census, and we find systematic changes in both variance and skewne...read more
Citations
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Citizen Science as an Ecological Research Tool: Challenges and Benefits
TL;DR: Citizen science, the involvement of volunteers in research, has increased the scale of ecological field studies with continent-wide, centralized monitoring efforts and tapping of volunteers to conduct large, coordinated, field experiments as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Should conservation strategies consider spatial generality? Farmland birds show regional not national patterns of habitat association.
Mark J. Whittingham,John R. Krebs,Ruth D. Swetnam,Juliet A. Vickery,Jeremy D. Wilson,Robert P. Freckleton +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that predictors associated with agri-environment scheme (AES) options had similar effects for 11 bird species on sites with differing farming practice or which differed in the density at which the species was found, suggesting that AES options targeted at a regional scale are more likely to yield beneficial results for farmland birds than options applied uniformly in national schemes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological Correlates and Conservation Implications of Overestimating Species Geographic Ranges
TL;DR: The EOO maps most strongly overestimated the distribution of narrow-ranging species and ecological specialists with narrow diet and habitat breadth, and these relationships support basic ecological predictions about the relationship between niche breadth and the fine-scale occurrence of species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variations on a theme: sources of heterogeneity in the form of the interspecific relationship between abundance and distribution.
TL;DR: Effect sizes in all of the aquatic realms are homogeneous, suggesting that realm is an important source of the heterogeneity observed across all studies, and it is posit that this may be because the different spatial structure of the environment in each realm affects the opportunity for the dispersal of individuals between sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Causality of the Relationship between Geographic Distribution and Species Abundance
TL;DR: All the mechanisms that have been proposed to account for distribution-abundance relationships are reviewed, in a framework that facilitates a comparison between them and identifies and discusses the central factors governing the individual mechanisms, and elucidate their effect on empirical patterns.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the Relationship between Abundance and Distribution of Species
TL;DR: The general relationships between abundance and distribution developed here eventually should contribute to the understanding of the biogeography, population genetics, and evolution of species as well as the ecological attributes of populations and communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic analysis and comparative data: a test and review of evidence
TL;DR: Simulations show λ to be a statistically powerful index for measuring whether data exhibit phylogenetic dependence or not and whether it has low rates of Type I error, which demonstrates that even partial information on phylogeny will improve the accuracy of phylogenetic analyses.
MonographDOI
Phylogeny and classification of birds: a study in molecular evolution
TL;DR: Part 1: a brief history structure and properties of DNA gene structure and function genetic regulation DNA reassociation and thermal stability the sequence organization of the genome
Book
The structure and dynamics of geographic ranges
TL;DR: The Structure and Dynamic of Geographic Ranges as mentioned in this paper is a book about the structure and dynamics of geographic ranges, which is a good book to read when you need a new book.
Journal ArticleDOI
Post‐war changes in arable farming and biodiversity in Great Britain
TL;DR: In this article, the changes in agriculture and biodiversity in Britain since the 1940s have been quantified, showing that since 1945, there has been a 65% decline in the number of farms, a 77% reduction in farm labour and an almost fourfold increase in yield.