Journal ArticleDOI
Do cognitive complaints either predict future cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline? A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample.
Anthony F. Jorm,Henrik Christensen,Ailsa E Korten,A. S. Henderson,Patricia A. Jacomb,Andrew Mackinnon +5 more
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TLDR
Evidence against the inclusion of cognitive complaints in diagnostic criteria for proposed disorders such as age-associated memory impairment, mild cognitive disorder and ageing-associated cognitive decline is found.Abstract:
Data from a two-wave longitudinal study of an elderly community sample were used to assess whether cognitive complaints either predict subsequent cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline. Cognitive complaints and cognitive functioning were assessed on two occasions three and a half years apart. Cognitive complaints at Wave 1 were found not to predict future cognitive change on the Mini-Mental State Examination, an episodic memory test or a test of mental speed. Similarly, cognitive complaints at Wave 2 were unrelated to past cognitive changes on these tests after statistically controlling for the effects of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, cognitive complaints did not predict either mortality (after controlling for anxiety and depression) or future dementia. These results are evidence against the inclusion of cognitive complaints in diagnostic criteria for proposed disorders such as age-associated memory impairment, mild cognitive disorder and ageing-associated cognitive decline.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Are memory complaints predictive for dementia? A review of clinical and population-based studies
TL;DR: To review studies that have reported on the prevalence of memory complaints and the relationship betweenMemory complaints and impairment or decline (dementia) in elderly individuals is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in older people with subjective memory complaints: meta-analysis
TL;DR: To investigate whether people with subjective memory complaints but no objective deficits are at increased risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and if so, how likely they are to develop dementia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subjective Memory Complaints and Cognitive Impairment in Older People
TL;DR: The utility of SMCs in the diagnosis of pre-dementia states (e.g. mild cognitive impairment) is uncertain and requires further evaluation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relative fitness and frailty of elderly men and women in developed countries and their relationship with mortality
Arnold Mitnitski,Xiaowei Song,Ingmar Skoog,Gerald A. Broe,Jafna L. Cox,Eva Grunfeld,Kenneth Rockwood +6 more
TL;DR: The relationship between accumulated health‐related problems (deficits), which define a frailty index in older adults, and mortality in population‐based and clinical/institutional‐based samples is investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mild cognitive impairment: Long-term course of four clinical subtypes
TL;DR: It has been assumed that each MCI subtype is associated with an increased risk for a particular type of dementia, but this study finds that each subtype can only partially agree with this.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings.
TL;DR: To aid general practitioners and other non-psychiatrists in the better recognition of mental illness short scales measuring anxiety and depression were derived by latent trait analysis from a standardised psychiatric research interview.
Journal ArticleDOI
Age‐associated memory impairment: Proposed diagnostic criteria and measures of clinical change — report of a national institute of mental health work group
Thomas H. Crook,Raymond T. Bartus,Steven H. Ferris,Peter J. Whitehouse,Gene D. Cohen,Samuel Gershon +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed diagnostic criteria and measures of clinical change for age-associated memory impairment and developed a set of diagnostic criteria based on the report of a national institute of mental health work group.