Journal ArticleDOI
EEG-based communication: improved accuracy by response verification
Jonathan R. Wolpaw,Herbert Ramoser,Dennis J. McFarland,Gert Pfurtscheller +3 more
- Vol. 6, Iss: 3, pp 326-333
TLDR
A response verification (RV) procedure in which each outcome is determined by two opposite trials in which accuracy for opposite-trial pairs exceeds that predicted from the accuracies of individual trials, and greatly exceeds that for same- trial pairs.Abstract:
Humans can learn to control the amplitude of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in specific frequency bands over sensorimotor cortex and use it to move a cursor to a target on a computer screen. EEG-based communication could provide a new augmentative communication channel for individuals with motor disabilities. In the present system, each dimension of cursor movement is controlled by a linear equation. While the intercept in the equation is continually updated, it does not perfectly eliminate the impact of spontaneous variations in EEG amplitude. This imperfection reduces the accuracy of cursor movement. The authors evaluated a response verification (RV) procedure in which each outcome is determined by two opposite trials (e.g., one top-target trial and one bottom-target trial). Success, or failure, on both is required for a definitive outcome. The RV procedure reduces errors due to imperfection in intercept selection. Accuracy for opposite-trial pairs exceeds that predicted from the accuracies of individual trials, and greatly exceeds that for same-trial pairs. The RV procedure should be particularly valuable when the first trial has >2 possible targets, because the second trial need only confirm or deny the outcome of the first, and it should be applicable to nonlinear as well as to linear algorithms.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control.
Jonathan R. Wolpaw,Jonathan R. Wolpaw,Niels Birbaumer,Niels Birbaumer,Dennis J. McFarland,Gert Pfurtscheller,Theresa M. Vaughan +6 more
TL;DR: With adequate recognition and effective engagement of all issues, BCI systems could eventually provide an important new communication and control option for those with motor disabilities and might also give those without disabilities a supplementary control channel or a control channel useful in special circumstances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control
TL;DR: The brain's electrical signals enable people without muscle control to physically interact with the world through the use of their brains' electrical signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain-computer communication: unlocking the locked in.
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that a profound knowledge and consideration of psychological principles are necessary to make brain-computer interfaces feasible for locked-in patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple Channel Detection of Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials for Brain-Computer Interfaces
TL;DR: Novel methods for detecting steady-state visual evoked potentials using multiple electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are presented, tailored for brain-computer interfacing, where fast and accurate detection is of vital importance for achieving high information transfer rates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quadcopter control in three-dimensional space using a noninvasive motor imagery-based brain–computer interface
TL;DR: A novel experiment of BCI controlling a robotic quadcopter in three-dimensional (3D) physical space using noninvasive scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) in human subjects is reported and indicates the potential of nonin invasive EEG-based BCI systems for accomplish complex control in 3D physical space.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Mathematical Theory of Communication
TL;DR: The theory of communication is extended to include a number of new factors, in particular the effect of noise in the channel, and the savings possible due to the statistical structure of the original message anddue to the nature of the final destination of the information.
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The Mathematical Theory of Communication
TL;DR: The Mathematical Theory of Communication (MTOC) as discussed by the authors was originally published as a paper on communication theory more than fifty years ago and has since gone through four hardcover and sixteen paperback printings.
Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications and Related Fields, Fourth Edition
TL;DR: Historical aspects introduction to the neurophysiological basis of the EEG and DC potentials cellular substrates of spontaneous and evoked brain rhythms dynamics of EEG as signals and neuronal populations are introduced.
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Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields
TL;DR: The main thrust of Electroencephalography is to preserve the sound basis of classic EEG recording and reading and, on the other hand, to present the newest developments for future EEG/neurophysiology research, especially in view of the highest brain functions as mentioned in this paper.
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Digital spectral analysis : with applications
TL;DR: This new book provides a broad perspective of spectral estimation techniques and their implementation concerned with spectral estimation of discretespace sequences derived by sampling continuousspace signals.