Journal ArticleDOI
Embodied energy and economic valuation.
TLDR
There is a strong relation between embodied energy and dollar value for a 92-sector U.S. economy if the energy required to produce labor and government services is included.Abstract:
Input-output analysis has been adapted to calculate the total (direct plus indirect) energy required to produce goods and services in the U.S. economy; this quantity has been termed the embodied energy. Usually, the energy required to produce labor and government services and the solar energy input to the economy are ignored by analysts. The former omission can be traced to the assumption that traditional primary factors of economic production-land, labor, and capital-are independent. A strong case can be made that these input factors are not independent and that energy is required for their production. Embodied energies can be calculated in this case by using input-output data. The results of such an analysis show that there is a strong relation between embodied energy and dollar value for a 92-sector U.S. economy if the energy required to produce labor and government services is included.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural Capital and Sustainable Development
Robert Costanza,Herman E. Daly +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a minimum necessary condition for sustainability is the maintenance of the total natural capital stock at or above the current level, to be relaxed only when solid evidence can be offered that it is safe to do so.
Journal ArticleDOI
Economic and ecological concepts for valuing ecosystem services
TL;DR: The concept of ecosystem service value can be a useful guide when distinguishing and measuring where trade-offs between society and the rest of nature are possible and where they can be made to enhance human welfare in a sustainable manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
What is energy efficiency?: Concepts, indicators and methodological issues
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the range of energy efficiency indicators that can be used, particularly at the policy level, and discuss the specific limitations and appropriate uses of physical thermodynamic, economic-thermodynamic and pure economic indicators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards Energy and Resource Efficient Manufacturing: A Processes and Systems Approach
Joost Duflou,John W. Sutherland,David Dornfeld,Christoph Herrmann,Jack Jeswiet,Sami Kara,Michael Zwicky Hauschild,Karel Kellens +7 more
TL;DR: A systematic overview of the state of the art in energy and resource efficiency increasing methods and techniques in the domain of discrete part manufacturing, with attention for the effectiveness of the available options is provided in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energy and the u.s. Economy: a biophysical perspective.
TL;DR: A series of hypotheses is presented about the relation of national energy use to national economic activity (both time series and cross-sectional) which offer a different perspective from standard economics for the assessment of historical and current economic events.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Emergence of Ecology as a New Integrative Discipline
TL;DR: Science and technology during the past half century have been so preoccupied with reductionism that supraindividual systems have suffered benign neglect and, as a result, today the authors have only half a science of man.
Journal ArticleDOI