Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic developmental plasticity of the chick: Increased CO2 during early stages of incubation changes the developmental trajectories during prenatal and postnatal growth
Lieve De Smit,Veerle Bruggeman,Jacob K. Tona,M. Debonne,Okanlawon Onagbesan,Lut Arckens,Josse De Baerdemaeker,Eddy Decuypere +7 more
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TLDR
It is clear that higher levels of CO(2) during the first ten days of incubation have persistent (epigenetic) effects during the incubation and early post-hatch period.Abstract:
This study investigated the effect of non-ventilation of the incubator during the first 10 days of incubation on carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the incubator and its effects on the embryonic and post-hatch development of the chicken (Gallus gallus). Two different incubation conditions were created, one incubator was kept at standard conditions, with adequate ventilation (V) and a second incubator was non-ventilated (NV) during the first ten days of incubation, allowing the CO2 to rise. After the first 10 days, both incubations were continued under standard conditions. The experiment was repeated twice with different ages of the breeders (45 and 60 wks) which resulted in different CO2 levels at ED10 (1.5 and 1%). The CO2 concentration in the V incubators remained below 0.1% in these first 10 days. The eggs of the NV incubation showed higher pCO2 levels in the air cell from ED10 until ED14 compared to the eggs of the V group. The NV embryos had significantly higher absolute and relative (to egg weight) body weights from ED10 until ED18, pointing to an accelerated embryonic growth. At internal pipping, the NV chick embryos had higher plasma corticosterone and T3 levels and higher pCO2 in the air cell. Chicks incubated under NV conditions hatched 10 h earlier in the first and 15 h earlier in the second experiment and the spread of hatch was narrower. During the post-hatch period, the NV chickens had a higher body weight compared to the V chickens. From these results, it is clear that higher levels of CO2 during the first ten days of incubation have persistent (epigenetic) effects during the incubation and early post-hatch period.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gas exchange in avian embryos and hatchlings.
TL;DR: This review summarises the general aspects of the natural history of the avian egg that are pertinent to embryonic metabolism, growth and gas exchange and the characteristics of the structures participating in gas exchange.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Endocrine Interface of Environmental and Egg Factors Affecting Chick Quality
Eddy Decuypere,Veerle Bruggeman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a qualitative and quantitative scoring of day-old chicks is proposed to evaluate the hatchability and post-hatching growth potential of the hatched chicks, which is not reflected in any of the actual scoring systems for chick quality.
OtherDOI
Developmental, Metabolic, and Other Noninfectious Disorders
Rocio Crespo,H. L. Shivaprasad +1 more
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High- and low-temperature manipulation during late incubation: Effects on embryonic development, the hatching process, and metabolism in broilers
Hilke Willemsen,B. Kamers,F. Dahlke,Haitang Han,Z. G. Song,Z. Ansari Pirsaraei,Kokou Tona,Eddy Decuypere,Nadia Everaert +8 more
TL;DR: Embryos in the high-temperature group were forced into a state of malnutrition by the temperature treatment, as reflected by reduced embryo growth and yolk consumption, resulting in a significantly lower chick weight at hatch.
Journal ArticleDOI
The chicken embryo and its micro environment during egg storage and early incubation
TL;DR: It appears that, to maintain hatchability and chick quality after prolonged storage periods, embryonic development should be advanced to the stage in which the hypoblast is completely formed or the atmosphere during storage and early incubation should be altered in such a way that albumen pH is maintained at the optimal level of 8.2.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Water in the Avian Egg Overall Budget of Incubation
Amos Ar,Hermann Rahn +1 more
TL;DR: Water loss during incubation is mandatory if the relative water content of an egg at the end of incubation was to remain essentially the same as at the beginning, and the 11% difference between the altricial and precocial categories is statistically significant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ontogeny of type I and type III deiodinase activities in embryonic and posthatch chicks: relationship with changes in plasma triiodothyronine and growth hormone levels.
TL;DR: Developmental changes during the late embryonic period suggest a causal relationship between the increase in plasma GH and T3 levels and the decrease in hepatic type III activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiological, management and environmental triggers of the ascites syndrome: a review
TL;DR: In meat-type chickens, an inadequacy of vascular capacity for blood flow through the lung to provide the tissues with the oxygen needed for rapid growth is the primary cause of pulmonary hypertensioninduced ascites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypoxia Induces Aortic Hypertrophic Growth, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, and Sympathetic Hyperinnervation of Peripheral Arteries in the Chick Embryo
Ellen V. Rouwet,Andrei Tintu,M.W.M. Schellings,M. van Bilsen,Esther Lutgens,Leonard Hofstra,Dick W. Slaaf,Graham Ramsay,F. A. C. Le Noble +8 more
TL;DR: The findings reveal that antenatal insults have profound effects on the control and design of the circulatory system that are already established at birth and may program for hypertension and heart failure at a later age.