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Journal ArticleDOI

Emergence of serine carbapenemases (KPC and SME) among clinical strains of Enterobacteriaceae isolated in the United States Medical Centers: report from the MYSTIC Program (1999-2005).

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TLDR
The results indicate that bla(KPC-2/3) has emerged widely among Enterobacteriaceae isolated in the MYSTIC Program participant sites and continues to be isolated from multiple species, as a result of clonal expansion and horizontal gene transfer.
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This article is published in Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.The article was published on 2006-12-01. It has received 143 citations till now.

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The real threat of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing bacteria

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported that the detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) producing bacteria may be difficult based on routine antibiotic susceptibility testing.
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The Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: The Impact and Evolution of a Global Menace.

TL;DR: The evolution of CRE is discussed, with a focus on the epidemiology of the CPE pandemic; risk factors for colonization and infection with the most common transmissible CPE worldwide, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae are reviewed; and strategies used to halt the striking spread of these deadly pathogens are presented.
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The changing epidemiology of resistance.

TL;DR: Some of the new mechanisms and recent trends in the global spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are reviewed, with the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus blurring the distinction between hospital and community strains.
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The Role of Epidemic Resistance Plasmids and International High-Risk Clones in the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

TL;DR: Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 emerged in the 2000s as important human pathogens, have spread extensively throughout the world, and are responsible for the rapid increase in antimicrobial resistance among E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains.
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Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Key Pathogen Set for Global Nosocomial Dominance

TL;DR: It seems that ST258 is a hybrid clone that was created by a large recombination event between ST11 and ST442, and incompatibility group F plasmids with blaKPC have contributed significantly to the success of ST258.
References
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Novel Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing β-Lactamase, KPC-1, from a Carbapenem-Resistant Strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae

TL;DR: K. pneumoniae strain 1534 is mainly due to production of a novel Bush group 2f, class A, carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamase, KPC-1, although alterations in porin expression may also play a role.
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The new beta-lactamases.

TL;DR: This review details the many types of β-lactamases, explains how they can be detected, and summarizes information on the genetics of this form of resistance.
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International Prospective Study of Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia: Implications of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Production in Nosocomial Infections

TL;DR: ESBL-producing gram-negative bacilli were found to truly be multiresistant pathogens and were resistant to all -lactam antibiotics, most aminoglycosides, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, and sometimes the fluoroquinolones.
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Rapid spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in New York City: a new threat to our antibiotic armamentarium.

TL;DR: Carapenem-resistant K pneumoniae isolates are rapidly emerging in New York City and automated systems used for susceptibility testing may not accurately identify all these isolates, which will severely hamper control efforts.
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