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Environmental organic chemistry
TLDR
An Introduction to Environmental Organic Chemicals is given in this article, where the authors present an overview of the main steps in the development of these processes, including the following: Sorption I: General Introduction and Sorption Processes Involving Organic Matter. Sorption II: Partitioning to Living Media - Bioaccumulation and Baseline Toxicity.Abstract:
Preface. Part I: Introduction. 1. General Topic and Overview. 2. An Introduction to Environmental Organic Chemicals. Part II: Equilibrium Partitioning Between Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Phases. 3. Partitioning: Molecular Interactions and Thermodynamics. 4. Vapor Pressure. 5. Activity Coefficient and Solubility in Water. 6. Air-Organic Solvent and Air-Water Partitioning. 7. Organic Liquid-Water Partitioning. 8. Organic Acids and Bases: Acidity Constant and Partitioning Behavior. 9. Sorption I: General Introduction and Sorption Processes Involving Organic Matter. 10. Sorption II: Partitioning to Living Media - Bioaccumulation and Baseline Toxicity. 11. Sorption III: Sorption Processes Involving Inorganic Surfaces. Part III: Transformation Processes. 12. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Transformation Reactions. 13. Chemical Transformations I: Hydrolysis and Reactions Involving Other Nucleophilic Species. 14. Chemical Transformations II: Redox Reactions. 15. Direct Photolysis. 16. Indirect Photolysis: Reactions with Photooxidants in Natural Waters and in the Atmosphere. 17. Biological Transformations. Part IV: Modeling Tools: Transport and Reaction. 18. Transport by Random Motion. 19. Transport Through Boundaries. 20. Air-Water Exchange. 21. Box Models. 22. Models in Space and Time. Part V: Environmental Systems and Case Studies. 23. Ponds, Lakes, and Oceans. 24. Rivers. 25. Groundwater. Appendix. Bibliography. Index (Subject Index, Compound Index, List of Illustrative Examples).read more
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Predicting Reactive Intermediate Quantum Yields from Dissolved Organic Matter Photolysis Using Optical Properties and Antioxidant Capacity
Garrett McKay,Wenxi Huang,Cristina Romera-Castillo,Jenna E. Crouch,Fernando L. Rosario-Ortiz,Rudolf Jaffé +5 more
TL;DR: The antioxidant capacity and formation of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (RI) was studied for water samples collected from the Florida Everglades with different spatial and temporal characteristics, revealing that •OH formation is, in general, decoupled from 3 DOM* and 1O2 formation, providing supporting evidence that 3DOM* is not a •OH precursor.
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Photodegradation of sulfasalazine and its human metabolites in water by UV and UV/peroxydisulfate processes
TL;DR: Investigation of the degradation of sulfasalazine and its two human metabolites by UV and UV/peroxydisulfate processes reveals that UV/PDS could be an efficient approach for remediation of water contaminated by SSZ and its metabolites.
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Blue whale earplug reveals lifetime contaminant exposure and hormone profiles
Stephen J. Trumble,Eleanor M. Robinson,Michelle Berman-Kowalewski,Charles W. Potter,Sascha Usenko +4 more
TL;DR: The use of a whale earplug to reconstruct lifetime chemical profiles will allow for a more comprehensive examination of stress, development, and contaminant exposure, as well as improve the assessment of contaminant use/emission, environmental noise, ship traffic, and climate change on these important marine sentinels.
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Increased sequestration of organic carbon in soil by hydrophobic protection
TL;DR: It is found that labeled organic carbon is increasingly protected from mineralization with increased hydrophobic character of humic matter, and can become an useful tool to limit decomposition of fresh organic matter in soil and thus reduce CO2 emission from agricultural soils on a global scale.
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Correlation of the Aqueous Solubility of Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons with Molecular Structure
TL;DR: The use of descriptors calculated only from molecular structure eliminates the need for experimental determination of properties for use in the correlation and allows for the estimation of aqueous solubility for molecules not yet synthesized or isolated.