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Environmental organic chemistry
TLDR
An Introduction to Environmental Organic Chemicals is given in this article, where the authors present an overview of the main steps in the development of these processes, including the following: Sorption I: General Introduction and Sorption Processes Involving Organic Matter. Sorption II: Partitioning to Living Media - Bioaccumulation and Baseline Toxicity.Abstract:
Preface. Part I: Introduction. 1. General Topic and Overview. 2. An Introduction to Environmental Organic Chemicals. Part II: Equilibrium Partitioning Between Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Phases. 3. Partitioning: Molecular Interactions and Thermodynamics. 4. Vapor Pressure. 5. Activity Coefficient and Solubility in Water. 6. Air-Organic Solvent and Air-Water Partitioning. 7. Organic Liquid-Water Partitioning. 8. Organic Acids and Bases: Acidity Constant and Partitioning Behavior. 9. Sorption I: General Introduction and Sorption Processes Involving Organic Matter. 10. Sorption II: Partitioning to Living Media - Bioaccumulation and Baseline Toxicity. 11. Sorption III: Sorption Processes Involving Inorganic Surfaces. Part III: Transformation Processes. 12. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Transformation Reactions. 13. Chemical Transformations I: Hydrolysis and Reactions Involving Other Nucleophilic Species. 14. Chemical Transformations II: Redox Reactions. 15. Direct Photolysis. 16. Indirect Photolysis: Reactions with Photooxidants in Natural Waters and in the Atmosphere. 17. Biological Transformations. Part IV: Modeling Tools: Transport and Reaction. 18. Transport by Random Motion. 19. Transport Through Boundaries. 20. Air-Water Exchange. 21. Box Models. 22. Models in Space and Time. Part V: Environmental Systems and Case Studies. 23. Ponds, Lakes, and Oceans. 24. Rivers. 25. Groundwater. Appendix. Bibliography. Index (Subject Index, Compound Index, List of Illustrative Examples).read more
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Aquatic toxicity of triclosan.
David R. Orvos,Donald J. Versteeg,Josef Inauen,Marie Capdevielle,Arthur Rothenstein,Virginia L. Cunningham +5 more
TL;DR: The neutral form of TCS, a chlorinated biphenyl ether used as an antimicrobial in consumer products, was determined to be associated with toxic effects and Ionization and sorption will mitigate those effects in the aquatic compartment.
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Gas-phase ozone oxidation of monoterpenes: Gaseous and particulate products
TL;DR: In this article, a series of outdoor smog chamber experiments were conducted to investigate both gaseous and particulate products in the ozone oxidation of four monoterpenes: α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinenes, Δ^3-carene, and sabinenes.
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Fate of glyphosate in soil and the possibility of leaching to ground and surface waters: a review.
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to present and discuss the state of knowledge on sorption, degradation and leachability of glyphosate in soils, which suggests that glyphosate leaching seems mainly determined by soil structure and rainfall.
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Soil CO2 flux measurements in volcanic and geothermal areas
TL;DR: The accumulation chamber methodology allows one to obtain reliable values of the soil CO2 flux in the range 0.2 to over 10 000 g m−2 d−1, as proven by both laboratory tests and field surveys in geothermal and volcanic areas as discussed by the authors.
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Treatment of chlorinated organic contaminants with nanoscale bimetallic particles
TL;DR: Nanoscale bimetallic particles have been synthesized in the laboratory for treatment of chlorinated organic pollutants as mentioned in this paper, and specific surface areas of the nanoscale particles are tens of times larger than those of commercially available microscale metal particles.