Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of snow water equivalence using SIR-C/X-SAR. II. Inferring snow depth and particle size
Jonathan Shi,Jeff Dozier +1 more
TLDR
The authors develop semi-empirical models for characterizing the snow-ground interaction terms, the relationships between the ground surface backscattering components, and the snowpack extinction properties at C-band and X-band, and with these relationships, snow depth and optical equivalent grain size can be estimated from SIR-C/X-SAR measurements.Abstract:
For pt.I see ibid., vol.38, no.6, p.2465-74 (2000). The relationship between snow water equivalence (SWE) and SAR backscattering coefficients at C- and X-band (5.5 and 9.6 GHz) can be either positive or negative. Therefore, discovery of the relationship with an empirical approach is unrealistic. Instead, the authors estimate snow depth and particle size using SIR-C/X-SAR imagery from a physically-based first order backscattering model through analyses of the importance of each scattering term and its sensitivity to snow properties. Using numerically simulated backscattering values, the authors develop semi-empirical models for characterizing the snow-ground interaction terms, the relationships between the ground surface backscattering components, and the snowpack extinction properties at C-band and X-band. With these relationships, snow depth and optical equivalent grain size can be estimated from SIR-C/X-SAR measurements. Validation using three SIR-C/X-SAR images shows that the algorithm performs usefully for incidence angles greater than 300, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 34 cm and 0.27 mm for estimating snow depth and ice optical equivalent particle radius, respectively.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mountain hydrology of the western United States
Roger C. Bales,Noah P. Molotch,Noah P. Molotch,Thomas H. Painter,Michael D. Dettinger,Robert Rice,Jeff Dozier +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrative approach to monitoring, modeling, and sensing the mountain environment that will improve understanding and prediction of hydrologic fluxes and processes is proposed, which is similar to the work in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Retrieval of subpixel snow-covered area and grain size from imaging spectrometer data
TL;DR: In this article, an automated model that retrieves subpixel snow-covered area and effective grain size from Airborne Visible/ Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data is described and validated.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Airborne Snow Observatory: Fusion of scanning lidar, imaging spectrometer, and physically-based modeling for mapping snow water equivalent and snow albedo
Thomas H. Painter,Daniel F. Berisford,Joseph W. Boardman,Kathryn J. Bormann,Jeffrey S. Deems,Frank Gehrke,A. R. Hedrick,Michael J. Joyce,Ross Laidlaw,Danny Marks,Chris A. Mattmann,B. J. McGurk,Paul Ramirez,M. Richardson,S. McKenzie Skiles,Felix C. Seidel,Adam Winstral +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, the Airborne Snow Observatory (ASO) used a coupled imaging spectrometer and scanning lidar, combined with distributed snow modeling, developed for the measurement of snow spectral albedo/broadband albedos and snow depth/SWE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Compact polarimetry based on symmetry properties of geophysical media: the /spl pi//4 mode
TL;DR: The polarization uniqueness in transmission of this mixed basis mode, hereafter referred to as the /spl pi//4 mode, maintains the standard lower pulse repetition frequency operation and hence maximizes the coverage of the sensor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing of alpine snow properties
Jeff Dozier,Thomas H. Painter +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectral albedo of the alpine snow cover is estimated from multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing at wavelengths from 0.4 to 15 μm.
References
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Book
Theory of microwave remote sensing
TL;DR: In this article, a vector radiative transfer equation for nonspherical particles is developed for both active and passive remote sensing of earth terrains, and the effective propagation constants and backscattering coefficients are calculated and illustrated for dense media.
Book
Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and their Applications
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An empirical model and an inversion technique for radar scattering from bare soil surfaces
TL;DR: An inversion technique was developed for predicting the rms height of the surface and its moisture content from multipolarized radar observations, which was found to yield very good agreement with the backscattering measurements of the present study.
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Backscattering from a randomly rough dielectric surface
TL;DR: A backscattering model for scattering from a randomly rough dielectric surface is developed and both like- and cross-polarized scattering coefficients are obtained that satisfy reciprocity and contain only multiple scattering terms.
Book
Radar remote sensing and surface scattering and emission theory
TL;DR: Monumental as discussed by the authors is a compilation of the present engineering state of the art of microwave remote sensing, presented as a survey of the state-of-the-art in the field.
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