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Journal ArticleDOI

Evolved Galaxies at z > 1.5 from the Gemini Deep Deep Survey: The Formation Epoch of Massive Stellar Systems

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TLDR
In this article, the authors present spectroscopic evidence from the Gemini Deep Deep Survey (GDDS) for a significant population of color-selected red galaxies at 1.3 1.5 years.
Abstract
We present spectroscopic evidence from the Gemini Deep Deep Survey (GDDS) for a significant population of color-selected red galaxies at 1.3 1.5 old galaxies have a sky density > 0.1 per sq. arcmin. Conservative age estimates for 20 galaxies with z > 1.3; = 1.49, give a median age of 1.2 Gyr and = 2.4. One quarter of the galaxies have inferred z_f > 4. Models restricted to abundances less than or equal to solar give median ages and z_f of 2.3 Gyr and 3.3, respectively. These galaxies are among the most massive and contribute approximately 50% of the stellar mass density at 1 < z < 2. The derived ages and most probable star formation histories suggest a high star-formation-rate (300-500 solar masses per year) phase in the progenitor population. We argue that most of the red galaxies are not descendants of the typical z=3 Lyman break galaxies. Galaxies associated with luminous sub-mm sources have the requisite star formation rates to be the progenitor population. Our results point toward early and rapid formation for a significant fraction of present day massive galaxies.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XV. Properties of the Faintest Red Sources in the NIRCAM Deep Fields

TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented a first look at the reddest 2-5 μm sources found in deep images from the GLASS Early Release Science program, i.e., sources detected only in bands redder than is reachable with the Hubble Space Telescope and which would likely not have been identified in pre-JWST surveys.
Journal ArticleDOI

Beyond UVJ: Color Selection of Galaxies in the JWST Era

TL;DR: In this paper , a new rest-frame color-color selection method using synthetic u s − g s and g s − i s , (ugi) s colors to identify star-forming and quiescent galaxies is presented.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Geometrical constraints on dark energy models

Ruth Lazkoz
- 15 Oct 2007 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a pedagogical introduction to the topic of dark energy and to various observational tests which require only assumptions on the geometry of the universe, such as supernovae luminosity, the CMB shift, direct Hubble data, and the baryon acoustic oscillations test.
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Our results point toward early and rapid formation for a significant fraction of present-day massive galaxies.