Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental autoimmune pinealitis in the rat : ultrastructure and quantitative immunocytochemical characterization of mononuclear infiltrate and MHC class II expression
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TLDR
Findings suggest fundamental differences between EAU and EAP related to mechanisms of antigen processing/recognition in autoimmune diseases and indicates the importance of EAP as a model to investigate neuroendocrine-immune interactions.Abstract:
Lewis rats immunized with Peptide M (an oligopeptide epitope of the S-antigen protein) developed experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) and experimental autoimmune pinealitis (EAP). Temporal changes in mononuclear infiltrate to the pineal gland were quantitated by computer image analysis of sections immunostained with monoclonal antibodies to specific mononuclear populations. T helper/inducer cells (W3/25+) and monocyte/macrophages (OX-42 +) were elevated during the early phases of inflammation (day 15) while cytotoxic/suppressor T cells (OX-8 +) were elevated at days 15 and 21. Expression of MHC class II (OX-6) was markedly enhanced on pineal glia, but was not present on vascular endothelia during EAP. Ultrastructurally, many capillaries exhibited thickenings of the endothelia and basal lamina. EAP had little effect on the fine structure of pinealocytes and glia and there was little evidence of cellular destruction by day 21, in contrast to the extensive retinal destruction resulting from EAU. These...read more
Citations
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Pathogenic Inflammation and Its Therapeutic Targeting in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
TL;DR: The involvement of inflammation in SLE disease pathogenesis is discussed, with a focus on several key proinflammatory cytokines and myeloid growth factors, and the known outcomes or the potential for targeting these factors in Sle treatment are reviewed.
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Experimental autoimmune uveitides: multiple antigens, diverse diseases.
Grazyna Adamus,Chi-Chao Chan +1 more
TL;DR: Animal models that represent autoimmune forms of uveitis are induced with proteins specific for photoreceptor cells (S-antigen, IRBP, rhodopsin, recoverin, phosducin), and nonretinal antigens, including melanin-associated proteins and myelin basic protein, are also good inducers of uventus in animals.
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Update on major trials for the prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus: the American Diabetes Prevention Trial (DPT-1) and the European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial (ENDIT).
TL;DR: This study is designed with 90% power to detect a 35% reduction in disease (placebo group estimated at 40% risk over 5 years) and will prospectively address whether nicotinamide will reduce the rate of progression to DM in relatives.
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Characterization of lymphocyte subsets over a 24-hour period in Pineal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (PALT) in the chicken
Jeffrey Mosenson,John A. McNulty +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that these interactions have a temporal component related to the 24-hour light:dark cycle and that CD8+ and TCRγδ+ T-cells are preferentially recruited to the pineal follicles.
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MHC Class-II Molecules and Autoimmunity
Gerald T. Nepom,H Erlich +1 more
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Retinal S antigen identified as the 48K protein regulating light-dependent phosphodiesterase in rods.
TL;DR: Biochemical, immunological, functional, and pathological tests showed that retinal S antigen and the 48K protein are identical.
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Adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in rats. Immunopathogenic mechanisms and histologic features.
TL;DR: Involvement of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was noted throughout ocular tissues even in the eyes of recipients with no detectable antibodies to S-antigen, suggesting that the ocular PMNs infiltration in rats is not necessarily the result of an Arthus-like inflammatory process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms and regulation of lymphocyte migration
Adrian M. Duijvestijn,Alf Hamann +1 more
TL;DR: Adrian Duijvestijn and Alf Hamann discuss how selective migration of lymphocytes is directed by lymphocyte-endothelial interactions and what mechanisms may control this.