Book ChapterDOI
Fluoride in Natural Waters
W. Mike Edmunds,Pauline Smedley +1 more
- pp 311-336
TLDR
The element fluorine has long been recognised to have benefits for dental health: low-fluoride intake has been linked to development of dental caries and the use of fluoride toothpastes and mouthwashes is widely advocated in mitigating dental health problems.Abstract:
The element fluorine has long been recognised to have benefits for dental health: low-fluoride intake has been linked to development of dental caries and the use of fluoride toothpastes and mouthwashes is widely advocated in mitigating dental health problems. Fluoridation of water supplies to augment naturally low fluoride concentrations is also undertaken in some countries. However, despite the benefits , optimal doses of fluoride appear to fall within a narrow range. The detrimental effects of ingestion of excessive doses of fluoride are also well documented. Chronic ingestion of high doses has been linked to the development of dental fluorosis, and in extreme cases, skeletal fluorosis. High doses have also been linked to cancer (Marshall 1990), although the association is not well-established (Hamilton 1992).read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first quantitative continent-wide maps of aquifer storage and potential borehole yields in Africa based on an extensive review of available maps, publications and data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluoride and environmental health: a review
TL;DR: Although much is known about the occurrence and health effects of fluoride, problems persist in Third World countries, where populations have little choice in the source of their drinking water and food, even in developed nations, fluoride ingestion can exceed the recommended dose when sources other than drinking water are ignored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water Supply and Health
TL;DR: As one article in a four-part PLoS Medicine series on water and sanitation, Paul Hunter and colleagues argue that much more effort is needed to improve access to safe and sustainable water supplies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Worldwide contamination of water by fluoride
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of fluoride contamination in water, its sources, mobilization and association, and the major findings are: (1) Anomalous fluoride concentration in groundwater is mainly confined to arid and semi-arid regions of Asia and North Africa.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluoride in the environment: sources, distribution and defluoridation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of fluoride distribution in groundwaters, and defluoridation techniques, and highlight the importance of further research on efficient and cost-effective deffluoridation for the rural developing communities not only to be used for household filtration units but also for use in community water supply schemes.
References
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Book
Trace elements in soils and plants
TL;DR: The Biosphere The Anthroposphere Soils and Soil Processes Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Soil Constituents Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Trace Elements in Plants.
ReportDOI
User's guide to PHREEQC (Version 2)-a computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations
David L. Parkhurst,C.A.J. Appelo +1 more
TL;DR: PHREEQC as discussed by the authors is a C program written in the C programming language that is designed to perform a wide variety of low-temperature aqueous geochemical calculations.
Book
Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water
TL;DR: The chemical composition of natural water is derived from many different sources of solutes, including gases and aerosols from the atmosphere, weathering and erosion of rocks and soil, solution or precipitation reactions occurring below the land surface, and cultural effects resulting from human activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of fluoride removal from drinking water.
TL;DR: This review article is aimed at providing precise information on efforts made by various researchers in the field of fluoride removal for drinking water by broadly divided in two sections dealing with membrane and adsorption techniques.
Book
Fluoride in Drinking-Water
TL;DR: Fluoride in Drinking Water will be an invaluable reference source for all those concerned with the management of drinking-water containing fluoride and the health effects arising from its consumption, including water sector managers and practitioners as well as health sector staff at policy and implementation levels.
Related Papers (5)
Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Review on the Status and Stress Effects
S. Ayoob,Ashok Kumar Gupta +1 more