Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of 2-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-2-Methylpropanamide from a Clofibrate Metabolite During Extraction of Urine
Theodore J. Siek,Eric F. Rieders +1 more
TLDR
The amide formed in urine has been compared to synthetically prepared 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanamide by gas chromatography, thin layer Chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, infrared spectrophOTometry, and mass spectrometry with complete correspondence of chemical properties.Abstract:
Drug isolation from urine by solvent extraction after alkalinization suffers the potential disadvantage of chemically altering desired isolates by hydrolytic reactions. This paper reports a reaction which results in the formation of an amide substance when urine from individuals ingesting clofibrate is treated with ammonium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide and ammonium ion. The amide formed in urine has been compared to synthetically prepared 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanamide by gas chromatography, thin layer chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, infrared spectrophotometry, and mass spectrometry with complete correspondence of chemical properties. Conditions under which this amide, the major clofibrate-related entity, formed in urine are those routinely employed in analytical toxicology.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Disposition, metabolism and pharmacokinetics of antihyperlipidemic agents in laboratory animals and man
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthranilic acid metabolism in the isolated perfused rat liver: Detection and determination of anthranilic acid and its related substances using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection
TL;DR: The present results suggest that, apart from undergoing glycine or glucuronide conjugation, anthranilic acid is metabolized to 5-hydroxyanthranilic Acid and anthranilamide in the rat liver.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolism of chlorpheniramine in rat and human by use of stable isotopes
TL;DR: The metabolism of chlorpheniramine (I) was examined in vivo in rats and a human volunteer; in the rats a stable isotope was used and the glucuronide of XIII was found in rat urine as long as 6 days after the last dose.
Book ChapterDOI
Drug Analyses in a Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology
TL;DR: Under Section 3 of the Coroner’s Act 1887 all deaths in England and Wales which are violent, unnatural or sudden, and where the cause of death is unknown, are reported to the Cor coroner.
References
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Book
The systematic identification of organic compounds
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of the organic chemistry literature, including preliminary examination, physical properties, and elemental analysis, and a classification of organic compounds by solubility.
Journal ArticleDOI
A rapid gas chromatographic method for the determination of chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid in plasma and urine.
Roland Gugler,Chris J. Jensen +1 more
TL;DR: A rapid gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (the active metabolite of clofibrate) in plasma and urine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some Substituted α-(Aryloxy)-isobutyric Acids and Amides1
Henry Gilman,Gene R. Wilder +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of drugs and other toxic compounds from their ultraviolet spectra. Part III: Ultraviolet absorption properties of 22 structural groups.
TL;DR: The ultraviolet absorption spectra of 13 different chemical classes of drugs and toxic organic compounds were studied, showing similarities in the number of major bands, position of maximum absorbance, pH effects, and solvent effects.