Fundamentals of Binaural Technology
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TLDR
In this paper, the fundamental ideas of the binaural recording technique are discussed and a model is given that describes the sound transmission from a source in a free field, through the external ear to the eardrum.About:
This article is published in Applied Acoustics.The article was published on 1992-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 428 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Binaural recording & Dummy head recording.read more
Citations
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Design theory for binaural synthesis: Combining microphone array recordings and head-related transfer function datasets
TL;DR: In this article, a general formulation for such a class of methods is presented in terms of a linear system of equations, whose associated matrix is composed of acoustic transfer functions that relate the positions of microphones and HRTFs.
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Contents which yield high auditory-presence in sound reproduction
TL;DR: In this paper, a psychoacoustical experiment was conducted to examine the basic characteristics of auditory presence as the first step to obtain a full understanding of the multi-modal sensation of presence.
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Efficient Synthesis of Room Acoustics via Scattering Delay Networks
TL;DR: An acoustic reverberator consisting of a network of delay lines connected via scattering junctions is proposed, which renders the first-order reflections exactly, while making progressively coarser approximations of higher- order reflections.
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Acoustic analysis of the directional information captured by five different hearing aid styles.
TL;DR: The within-style spectral dissimilarities were comparable for the bare ear, IIC, CIC, and ITC with increasing ambiguity for the ITE and BTE styles and when the analysis bandwidth was limited to 8 kHz, the HRTFs within each set became much more similar.
Journal Article
Locating the Missing 6 dB by Loudness Calibration of Binaural Synthesis
Florian Völk,Hugo Fastl +1 more
TL;DR: In this contribution, loudness adjustments are presented using a method that allows for direct comparison by defining the reference scene for a listener wearing headphones by examining the difference in auditory canal pressure between headphone and loudspeaker reproduction at the same loudness.
References
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Simulation of the transient and steady‐state sound propagation in rooms using a new combined ray‐tracing/image‐source algorithm
TL;DR: The new method combines the advantages of the ray‐tracing process, namely, the relatively slow increase of computation time with the length of the impulse response, with the accuracy inherent to the image‐source model, which is even sufficient to calculate the Fourier transform.
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Transformation characteristics of the external human ear
S. Mehrgardt,V. Mellert +1 more
TL;DR: With an impulse response technique the transfer functions from the free sound field to the ear‐canal entrance were measured on 20 subjects for sound incidence and the eardrum impedance was computed from this transfer function and completes the poor knowledge of the eARDrum impedance in the frequency range from 2 to 15 kHz.
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Directional sensitivity of sound‐pressure levels in the human ear canal
TL;DR: The results indicate the types of horizontal and vertical spatial information that are available from sound level cues over various ranges of frequency and, within a small subject population, indicate the nature of intersubject variability.
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ODEON—Another hybrid room acoustical model
TL;DR: The ODEON room acoustics program is intended to be a base for research in objective and subjective room acoustic research, and a useful tool for consultants, in which an initial ray tracing is carried out to determine potential reflection sequences.
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Spectral cues utilized in the localization of sound in the median sagittal plane
TL;DR: A series of experiments carried out to further elucidate the role of spectral cues in locating sounds in the median sagittal plane (MSP) revealed a notch in the frequency response curves which migrated toward the lower frequencies as the sound source was moved from above to below the aural axis.