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Journal ArticleDOI

Global Crust-Mantle Density Contrast Estimated from EGM2008, DTM2008, CRUST2.0, and ICE-5G

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors compute globally the consolidated crust-stripped gravity disturbances/anomalies from the EGM2008 gravity data after applying the topographic and crust density contrasts stripping corrections computed using the global topography/bathymetry model DTM2006.
Abstract
We compute globally the consolidated crust-stripped gravity disturbances/anomalies. These refined gravity field quantities are obtained from the EGM2008 gravity data after applying the topographic and crust density contrasts stripping corrections computed using the global topography/bathymetry model DTM2006.0, the global continental ice-thickness data ICE-5G, and the global crustal model CRUST2.0. All crust components density contrasts are defined relative to the reference crustal density of 2,670 kg/m3. We demonstrate that the consolidated crust-stripped gravity data have the strongest correlation with the crustal thickness. Therefore, they are the most suitable gravity data type for the recovery of the Moho density interface by means of the gravimetric modelling or inversion. The consolidated crust-stripped gravity data and the CRUST2.0 crust-thickness data are used to estimate the global average value of the crust-mantle density contrast. This is done by minimising the correlation between these refined gravity and crust-thickness data by adding the crust-mantle density contrast to the original reference crustal density of 2,670 kg/m3. The estimated values of 485 kg/m3 (for the refined gravity disturbances) and 481 kg/m3 (for the refined gravity anomalies) very closely agree with the value of the crust-mantle density contrast of 480 kg/m3, which is adopted in the definition of the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). This agreement is more likely due to the fact that our results of the gravimetric forward modelling are significantly constrained by the CRUST2.0 model density structure and crust-thickness data derived purely based on methods of seismic refraction.

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Gravity derived Moho for South America

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the combined gravity model EIGEN-6C, which is composed of GOCE and other gravity data, to derive crustal thickness from satellite gravity data.
Journal ArticleDOI

Analysis of the Refined CRUST1.0 Crustal Model and its Gravity Field

TL;DR: In this paper, the global crustal model CRUST1.0 was used to estimate the average densities of major crustal structures and their spatial and spectral characteristics and their correlation with the crustal geometry in context of the gravimetric Moho determination.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gravity derived Moho for South America

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the combined gravity model EIGEN-6C, which is composed of GOCE and other gravity data, to derive crustal thickness from satellite gravity data.
Journal ArticleDOI

Spatial and Spectral Analysis of Refined Gravity Data for Modelling the Crust–Mantle Interface and Mantle-Lithosphere Structure

TL;DR: In this article, spatial and spectral characteristics of various refined gravity data used for modelling and gravimetric interpretation of the crust-mantle interface and the mantle-lithosphere structure were analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Geothermal Heat Flux Reveals the Iceland Hotspot Track Underneath Greenland

Abstract: Curie depths beneath Greenland are revealed by spectral analysis of data from the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map 2. A thermal model of the lithosphere then provides a corresponding geothermal heat flux map. This new map exhibits significantly higher frequency but lower amplitude variation than earlier heat flux maps and provides an important boundary condition for numerical ice-sheet models and interpretation of borehole temperature profiles. In addition, it reveals new geologically significant features. Notably, we identify a prominent quasi-linear elevated geothermal heat flux anomaly running northwest–southeast across Greenland. We interpret this feature to be the relic of the passage of the Iceland hotspot from 80 to 50 Ma. The expected partial melting of the lithosphere and magmatic underplating or intrusion into the lower crust is compatible with models of observed satellite gravity data and recent seismic observations. Our geological interpretation has potentially significant implications for the geodynamic evolution of Greenland. Plain Language Summary Heat escaping from the Earth’s interior provides important clues about areas of geology and geodynamics. In addition, where a region is covered by an ice sheet, such as Greenland, variations in the heat supplied from the Earth’s interior can potentially influence how the ice flows, and hence its future changes. Unfortunately, in ice covered regions direct measurements of heat flow are limited to sparse boreholes, meaning this important quantity is poorly understood. In this study we used variations in the Earth’s magnetic field to map out the variations in the amount of heat being supplied to the base of the Greenland Ice Sheet from the Earth’s interior. Ice sheet models incorporating these new and improved results will help better constrain future predictions of ice sheet evolution. Overall, the new map not only shows less extreme variations than previous studies, but also reveals a previously unseen band of warmer than expected rock stretching northwest to southeast across Greenland. This band, together with lithospheric models derived from gravity data, is interpreted to be the scar left as the Greenland tectonic plate moved over a region of hot upwelling mantle (the material beneath the tectonic plates), which now underlies Iceland.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Preliminary reference earth model

TL;DR: In this paper, a large data set consisting of about 1000 normal mode periods, 500 summary travel time observations, 100 normal mode Q values, mass and moment of inertia have been inverted to obtain the radial distribution of elastic properties, Q values and density in the Earth's interior.
Journal ArticleDOI

GLOBAL GLACIAL ISOSTASY AND THE SURFACE OF THE ICE-AGE EARTH: The ICE-5G (VM2) Model and GRACE

TL;DR: The impact of the changing surface ice load upon both Earth's shape and gravitational field, as well as upon sea-level history, have come to be measurable using a variety of geological and geophysical techniques.