Global Risk Assessment of Aflatoxins in Maize and Peanuts: Are Regulatory Standards Adequately Protective?
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TLDR
Most current regulatory standards around the world are not adequately protective even if enforced, especially in low-income countries where large amounts of maize and peanuts are consumed and HBV prevalence is high.About:
This article is published in Toxicological Sciences.The article was published on 2013-09-01 and is currently open access. It has received 93 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Population & Aflatoxin.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Public Health Impacts of Foodborne Mycotoxins
TL;DR: The most agriculturally important mycotoxins known today are aflatoxins, which cause liver cancer and have also been implicated in child growth impairment and acute toxicoses; fumonisins, who have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects; deoxynivalenol and other trichothecenes, which are immunotoxic and cause gastroenteritis; and ochratoxin A, which has beenassociated with renal diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mycotoxins in a changing global environment--a review.
TL;DR: To guarantee access to quality food for all, there needs to be a way to balance global mycotoxin standards with the realistic feasibility of reaching them, considering limitations of producers and designing strategies to reduce mycotoxins exposure based on sound research.
Book
Mycotoxin Control in Low- and Middle-income Countries
TL;DR: It is concluded that surveillance data on exposure to aflatoxins are generally lacking outside the developed countries, however, available data from measurements of contaminated crops and through the use of exposure biomarkers in exposed populations demonstrate that mycotoxin exposures can be high throughout Africa, as well as in Latin America and parts of Asia.
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Aflatoxins: Producing-Molds, Structure, Health Issues and Incidence in Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African Countries.
TL;DR: Risk assessment studies revealed that Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries remain at high risk and that, apart from the regulatory standards revision to be more restrictive, other actions to prevent or decontaminate crops are to be taken for adequate public health protection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mycotoxin contamination of foods in Southern Africa: A 10-year review (2007–2016)
TL;DR: This review presents an up-to-date documentation of the epidemiology of the mycotoxins in agricultural food commodities and discusses the implications on public health, current and recommended mitigation strategies, legislation, and challenges of mycotoxin research in Southern Africa.
References
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Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: a review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences, and interventions
Jonathan H. Williams,Timothy D. Phillips,Pauline E. Jolly,Jonathan K. Stiles,Curtis M. Jolly,Deepak Aggarwal +5 more
TL;DR: The strategy of using food additives to protect farm animals from the toxin may also provide effective and economical new approaches to protecting human populations.
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Global Burden of Aflatoxin-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Risk Assessment
Yan Liu,Felicia Wu +1 more
TL;DR: Aflatoxin may play a causative role in 4.6–28.2% of all global HCC cases, and most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and China where populations suffer from both high HBV prevalence and largely uncontrolled aflatoxin exposure in food.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of Aflatoxin Carcinogenesis
David L. Eaton,Evan P. Gallagher +1 more
TL;DR: Substantial evidence demonstrates that AFB1-8,9-epoxide can induce activating mutations in the ras oncogene in experimental animals, primarily at codon 12, and may be a strong indicator of individual and species susceptibility to aflatoxin carcinogenesis.
Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in 2003
H. P. van Egmond,M.A. Jonker +1 more
TL;DR: An international inquiry formed the basis for this publication and resulted in the publication “Worldwide regulations for mycotoxins in food and feed in 2003”.
Journal Article
A follow-up study of urinary markers of aflatoxin exposure and liver cancer risk in Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Geng Sun Qian,Ronald K. Ross,Mimi C. Yu,Jian-Min Yuan,Yu-Tang Gao,Brian E. Henderson,Gerald N. Wogan,John D. Groopman +7 more
TL;DR: A cohort of 18,244 mostly middle-aged (45-64 years) men residing in four small geographically defined areas of Shanghai was accrued between January 1986 and September 1989 and the extent of aflatoxin exposure in the study population was quantitatively estimated.
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Global Burden of Aflatoxin-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Risk Assessment
Yan Liu,Felicia Wu +1 more