Open AccessBook
Growth Stresses and Strains in Trees
TLDR
In this article, the authors present a more quantitative approach to the effect of growth stresses than might have been the case in the past, by taking a more qualitative approach to evaluate the relationship between growth stress and wood properties.Abstract:
Although over 40 years have passed since Jacobs (1945) convincingly established the basic radial pattern of residual growth stress in growing trees, yet this phenomenon is still not widely appreciated in wood science and technology circles. This is in spite of the fact that the presence of these stresses of sizeable magnitudes has long been recognized as a primary cause of shakes and splits in logs as well as the warping of lumber sawn in the green condition. The presentation of the subject of growth stresses in trees presents some special problems due to the wide range of specialists who potentially might have an interest in the subject. For example, tree physiologists interested in questions such as the relation of mechanical stress to stem taper and the role of reaction wood and gravity forces in determining tree crown form encounter growth stress models. Silvi culturists interested in the relation ofthinning practices to wood quality find that wood properties are correlated with growth stress levels which are in turn significantly changed by cutting practices. Wood techno logists interested in the relation of residual growth stress gradients in green logs to the dimensional quality of sawn and seasoned lumber are forced to take a more quantitative approach to the effect of growth stresses than might have been the case in the past."read more
Citations
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Wood Formation in Trees
Melanie Mauriat,Grégoire Le Provost,Phillippe Rozenberg,Sylvain Delzon,Nathalie Breda,Bruno Clair,Catherine Coutand,Jean-Christoph Domec,Thierry Fourcaud,Jacqueline Grima-Pettenati,Raúl Herrera,Jean-Charles Leplé,Nicolas Richet,Jean-François Trontin,Christophe Plomion +14 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Wood Formation in Trees
TL;DR: Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy and therefore has a major future role as an environmentally cost-effective alternative to burning fossils fuels.
Book
Juvenile wood in forest trees
Bruce J. Zobel,Jerry R. Sprague +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the importance and importance of juvenile wood, as well as the challenges and prospects for the future of Juvenile Wood supplies and Utilization, in the context of a changing environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Residual Stress Measurement by Successive Extension of a Slot: The Crack Compliance Method
TL;DR: In many situations, the crack compliance method offers several advantages over other methods: improved resolution of residual stress variation with depth; the ability to measure both small and very large parts; measurement of stressmore; increased sensitivity over other material removal methods; and the able to measure non-crystalline materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of cellulose content on tensile strength in tree roots
Marie Genet,Alexia Stokes,Franck Salin,Slobodan B. Mickovski,Slobodan B. Mickovski,Thierry Fourcaud,Jean-François Dumail,Rens van Beek,Rens van Beek +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors carried out tensile tests on roots 0.2-12.0mm in diameter of three conifer and two broadleaf species, in order to determine the relationship between tensile strength and diameter.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reaction wood: induction and mechanical action!
and B F Wilson,R R Archer +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analysis of modeled stress states in Restrained Stems and finds that nonintuitive Stress States in Restraining Stems are found to be correlated with economic growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tree Design: Some Biological Solutions to Mechanical Problems
TL;DR: An engineer might look at a tree as a tower (the stem and branches) supporting many small solar collectors (the leaves) and the arrangement of the beams should display the solar collectors to maximize the total.