Hand Nicotine and Cotinine In Children Exposed to Cigars: A Pilot Study.
TLDR
The significant association of hand nicotine with urinary cotinine suggests that THS pollution should be assessed in evaluating children's Overall TSE to cigars and other tobacco products, and hand nicotine may be a proxy for overall TSE.Abstract:
Objectives Past research has not examined secondhand and thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure in children of cigar smokers. We examined hand nicotine and cotinine levels in children of cigar smokers to explore the contribution of cigar smoke to tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). Methods Participants were children (N = 24; mean (SD) age = 6.5 (3.6) years) whose parents smoked cigars only or poly-used cigars and/or cigarettes. Primary outcomes were hand nicotine and urinary cotinine levels. Results All children had detectable hand nicotine (range: 7.6-312.5ng/wipe) and cotinine (range: 0.3-100.3ng/ml). Positive correlations were found between hand nicotine and cotinine (r = 0.693, p = .001), hand nicotine and parents who also smoked cigarettes (r = 0.407, p = .048), and hand nicotine and number of smokers around the child (r = 0.436, p = .03). Hand nicotine (r = -0.464, p = .02), but not cotinine (r = -0.266, p = .26), was negatively correlated with child age. Multiple regression results indicated a positive association between hand nicotine and cotinine (p = .002; semi-partial r2 = 0.415), irrespective of child age. Conclusions The significant association of hand nicotine with urinary cotinine suggests that THS pollution should be assessed in evaluating children's overall TSE to cigars and other tobacco products, and hand nicotine may be a proxy for overall TSE. Younger children may have increased THS pollutant uptake.read more
Citations
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Differential associations of hand nicotine and urinary cotinine with children's exposure to tobacco smoke and clinical outcomes.
E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens,Ashley L. Merianos,Roman Jandarov,Penelope J.E. Quintana,Eunha Hoh,Georg E. Matt +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the different roles of urinary cotinine as a biomarker of recent overall tobacco smoke exposure and hand nicotine as a marker of children's contact with nicotine pollution in their environments.
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Distinguishing Exposure to Secondhand and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke among U.S. Children Using Machine Learning: NHANES 2013-2016.
Ashley L. Merianos,E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens,Timothy M Stone,Roman Jandarov,Lanqing Wang,Deepak Bhandari,Benjamin C. Blount,Georg E. Matt +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used machine learning algorithms to assess which combinations of biomarkers and reported tobacco smoke exposure measures best differentiate children into three groups: no/minimal tobacco exposure (NEG), predominant thirdhand smoke exposure (TEG), and mixed secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure (MEG).
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The Associations of Trans-3′-Hydroxy Cotinine, Cotinine, and the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio in Pediatric Patients with Tobacco Smoke Exposure
TL;DR: In this paper , the associations of trans-3′-hydroxy cotinine (3HC) with sociodemographics and TSE patterns in children who lived with ≥1 smoker were assessed.
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Hand nicotine as an independent marker of thirdhand smoke pollution in children’s environments
E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens,Ashley L. Merianos,Lara Stone,Chase A. Wullenweber,Penelope J.E. Quintana,Eunha Hoh,Nathan G. Dodder,Nicolás López-Gálvez,Georg E. Matt +8 more
TL;DR: In this article , hand nicotine levels measured children's exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants from thirdhand and secondhand smoke were measured using LC-MS/MS and the associations of HN with other tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) markers remain unknown.
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Policy-relevant differences between secondhand and thirdhand smoke: strengthening protections from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants
Georg E. Matt,Lydia Greiner,Rachael A Record,Heather Wipfli,Nathan G. Dodder,Eunha Hoh,Nicolas Lopez Galvez,Thomas E. Novotny,Penelope J.E. Quintana,Hugo Destaillats,Xiaochen Tang,Antoine M. Snijders,Jian-Hua Mao,Bo Hang,Suzaynn F. Schick,Peyton Jacob,Prue Talbot,E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens,Ashley L. Merianos,Thomas F. Northrup,Lara A. Gundel,Neal L. Benowitz +21 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examine four policy considerations to better protect the public from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants from all sources, including smoke-free policies, environmental protections, real estate and rental disclosure policies, tenant protections, and consumer protection laws.
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TL;DR: This Perspective describes the distribution and chemical changes that occur as secondhand tobacco smoke is transformed into thirdhand smoke, studies of environmental contamination by THS, human exposure studies, toxicology studies using animal models and in vitro systems, possible approaches for avoiding exposure, remediation of THS contamination, and priorities for further research.