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Journal ArticleDOI

Hard Balancing in the Age of American Unipolarity: The Russian Response to US Ballistic Missile Defense during the Bush Administration (2001–2008)

Reuben Steff, +1 more
- 09 May 2014 - 
- Vol. 37, Iss: 2, pp 222-258
TLDR
In this paper, a case study of hard internal Russian balancing against the US's development and deployment of Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) systems during the Bush Administration (2001-08) is presented.
Abstract
One of the central debates in contemporary international relations scholarship concerns the issue of whether balancing has occurred in response to US-based unipolarity, and if it has, how this should be characterised. Existing research has seen analysts argue that major power responses to unipolarity can be placed in one of either three categories: an absence of balancing, soft balancing, and hard balancing. This article contributes to the scholarly literature by providing a case study of hard internal Russian balancing against the US’s development and deployment of Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) systems during the Bush Administration (2001–08). Russian hard balancing against the US has involved: (1) fielding new strategic nuclear and conventional weapons equipped with BMD countermeasures, and, relatedly, (2) making changes in military doctrine. As a result, security dilemma dynamics are increasingly in evidence in US relations with Russia.

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Journal ArticleDOI

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The War On Terrorism

Carlo Kopp
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The rise and fall of the Third Site of Ballistic Missile Defense

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the tumultuous development in the issue of the Third Site (also known as the Third Pillar) of the US Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) that was planned to be hosted by the Czech Republic and Poland.

Nuclear weapons and deterrence

TL;DR: In this paper, the world may turn from the deterrence of war using nuclear weapons to deterring countries and other oganisations from their acquisition of nuclear arms, suggesting that the world might turn away from the use of nuclear weapons.
Journal ArticleDOI

Russian national security concepts 1997 and 2000: A comparative analysis

TL;DR: A comparative study of the concepts of national security embodied in the two documents, focusing on Russia's relations with the outside world and use of nuclear deterrence as a means to solve security and status dilemmas is presented in this paper.
Book

U.S. Strategic Nuclear Forces: Background, Developments, and Issues

Amy F. Woolf
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the ongoing programs that will affect the expected size and shape of the U.S. strategic nuclear force structure, focusing on the current and planned modernization programs.
Journal Article

The Unsettled Legacy of the Cold War

John Steinbruner, +1 more
- 01 Oct 2002 -