Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence
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TLDR
It is revealed that the current Health Canada physical activity guidelines are sufficient to elicit health benefits, especially in previously sedentary people, and that a further increase in physical activity and fitness will lead to additional improvements in health status.Abstract:
The primary purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight into the role physical inactivity plays in the development of chronic disease and premature death. We confirm that there is irrefutable evidence of the effectiveness of regular physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of several chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis) and premature death. We also reveal that the current Health Canada physical activity guidelines are sufficient to elicit health benefits, especially in previously sedentary people. There appears to be a linear relation between physical activity and health status, such that a further increase in physical activity and fitness will lead to additional improvements in health status.read more
Citations
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Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer.
Richard P. Troiano,David Berrigan,Kevin W. Dodd,Louise C. Mâsse,Timothy Tilert,Margaret McDowell +5 more
TL;DR: Objective and subjective measures of physical activity give qualitatively similar results regarding gender and age patterns of activity, however, adherence to physical activity recommendations according to accelerometer-measured activity is substantially lower than according to self-report.
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ACC/AHA 2008 guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: Executive summary - A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease)
Carole A. Warnes,Roberta G. Williams,Thomas M. Bashore,John S. Child,Heidi M. Connolly,Joseph A. Dearani,Pedro J. del Nido,James W. Fasules,Thomas P. Graham,Ziyad M. Hijazi,Sharon A. Hunt,Mary Etta King,Michael J. Landzberg,Pamela D. Miner,Martha J. Radford,Edward P. Walsh,Gary D. Webb +16 more
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Minimum amount of physical activity for reduced mortality and extended life expectancy: a prospective cohort study
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TL;DR: Benefits of a range of volumes of physical activity in a Taiwanese population between 1996 and 2008 were applicable to all age groups and both sexes, and to those with cardiovascular disease risks.
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Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population study
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References
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TL;DR: Type 2 diabetes can be prevented by changes in the lifestyles of high-risk subjects by means of individualized counseling aimed at reducing weight, total intake of fat, and intake of saturated fat and increasing intake of fiber and physical activity.
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Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: A Prospective Study of Healthy Men and Women
Steven N. Blair,Harold W. Kohl,Ralph S. Paffenbarger,Debra G. Clark,Kenneth H. Cooper,Larry W. Gibbons +5 more
TL;DR: Higher levels of physical fitness appear to delay all-cause mortality primarily due to lowered rates of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and lower mortality rates in higher fitness categories also were seen for cardiovascular Disease and cancer of combined sites.
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Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing.
Jonathan Myers,Manish Prakash,Victor F. Froelicher,Dat Do,Sara L. Partington,J. Edwin Atwood +5 more
TL;DR: Exercise capacity is known to be an important prognostic factor in patients with cardiovascular disease, but it is uncertain whether it predicts mortality equally well among healthy persons and there is also uncertainty regarding the predictive power of exercise capacity relative to other clinical and exercise-test variables.
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Physical Activity, All-Cause Mortality, and Longevity of College Alumni
TL;DR: With or without consideration of hypertension, cigarette smoking, extremes or gains in body weight, or early parental death, alumni mortality rates were significantly lower among the physically active than among less active men.