Journal ArticleDOI
High-Intensity Strength Training in Nonagenarians: Effects on Skeletal Muscle
Maria A. Fiatarone,Elizabeth C. Marks,Nancy D. Ryan,C. N. Meredith,Lewis A. Lipsitz,William J. Evans +5 more
TLDR
It is concluded that high-resistance weight training leads to significant gains in muscle strength, size, and functional mobility among frail residents of nursing homes up to 96 years of age.Abstract:
Muscle dysfunction and associated mobility impairment, common among the frail elderly, increase the risk of falls, fractures, and functional dependency. We sought to characterize the muscle weakness of the very old and its reversibility through strength training. Ten frail, institutionalized volunteers aged 90 ± 1 years undertook 8 weeks of high-intensity resistance training. Initially, quadriceps strength was correlated negatively with walking time (r= -.745). Fat-free mass (r=.732) and regional muscle mass (r=.752) were correlated positively with muscle strength. Strength gains averaged 174% ±31% (mean ± SEM) in the 9 subjects who completed training. Midthigh muscle area increased 9.0%± 4.5%. Mean tandem gait speed improved 48% after training. We conclude that high-resistance weight training leads to significant gains in muscle strength, size, and functional mobility among frail residents of nursing homes up to 96 years of age. (JAMA. 1990;263:3029-3034)read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise and physical activity for older adults
Wojtek Chodzko-Zajko,David N. Proctor,Maria A. Fiatarone Singh,Christopher T. Minson,Claudio R. Nigg,George J. Salem,James S. Skinner +6 more
TL;DR: The evidence reviewed in this Position Stand is generally consistent with prior American College of Sports Medicine statements on the types and amounts of physical activity recommended for older adults as well as the recently published 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.
Journal Article
Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults
TL;DR: In this article, the optimal characteristics of strength-specific programs include the use of concentric (CON), eccentric (ECC), and isometric muscle actions and the performance of bilateral and unilateral single and multiple-joint exercises.
Journal ArticleDOI
ACSM Position Stand: The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults
Michael L. Pollock,Glenn A. Gaesser,Janus D. Butcher,Jean-Pierre Després,Rod K. Dishman,Barry A. Franklin,Carol Ewing Garber +6 more
TL;DR: The combination of frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise is found to be the most important factor in determining the intensity and quality of exercise a person receives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise Standards for Testing and Training A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Gerald F. Fletcher,Philip A. Ades,Paul Kligfield,Ross Arena,Gary J. Balady,Vera Bittner,Lola A. Coke,Jerome L. Fleg,Daniel E. Forman,Thomas C. Gerber,Martha Gulati,Kushal Madan,Jonathan Rhodes,Paul D. Thompson,Mark A. Williams +14 more
TL;DR: These guidelines are a revision of the 1995 standards of the AHA that addressed the issues of exercise testing and training and current issues of practical importance in the clinical use of these standards are considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults
William J. Kraemer,Kent J. Adams,Cafarelli E,Gary A. Dudley,C R. Dooly,Feigenbaum Ms,Steven J. Fleck,Franklin B,Andrew C. Fry,Hoffman,Robert U. Newton,Jeff A. Potteiger,Michael H. Stone,Nicholas A. Ratamess,Travis Triplett-McBride +14 more
TL;DR: In order to stimulate further adaptation toward a specific training goal(s), progression in the type of resistance training protocol used is necessary and emphasis should be placed on multiple-joint exercises, especially those involving the total body.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community.
TL;DR: It is concluded that falls among older persons living in the community are common and that a simple clinical assessment can identify the elderly persons who are at the greatest risk of falling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk factors for recurrent nonsyncopal falls. A prospective study.
TL;DR: Risk factors for having a single fall were few and relatively weak, but multiple falls were more predictable, and increased odds of two or more falls for persons who had difficulty standing up from a chair, difficulty performing a tandem walk, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and a fall with injury during the previous year were found.
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TL;DR: Strength gains in older men were associated with significant muscle hypertrophy and an increase in myofibrillar protein turnover and the torque-velocity relationship showed an upward displacement of the curve at the end of training, mainly in the slow-vel velocity high-torque region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology
TL;DR: Multiple regression analyses indicated that mechanisms other than the type II fiber atrophy might be responsible for the decline in strength performance during aging.