Journal ArticleDOI
How to measure baroreflex sensitivity: from the cardiovascular laboratory to daily life.
TLDR
A review of the methods most widely used to assess baroreflex function in humans, in the laboratory and in daily life finds that techniques based on computer analysis of spontaneous blood pressure and heart rate fluctuations allow spontaneous barore Flex sensitivity to be assessed in real life conditions.Abstract:
Arterial baroreflex function in humans is commonly assessed through a number of laboratory tests based on quantification of the reflex responses in heart rate or blood pressure to external stimuli applied to the cardiovascular system. Evidence is available that these laboratory estimates of baroreflex sensitivity have both pathophysiological and clinical relevance. Indeed, a number of studies have shown that the sensitivity of the baroreceptor-heart rate reflex may have a prognostic value in myocardial infarction, heart failure and diabetic patients, where mortality seems to be inversely related to the sensitivity of cardiac baroreflex modulation. A deeper insight into the features of daily-life baroreflex cardiovascular control has been offered more recently by techniques based on computer analysis of spontaneous blood pressure and heart rate fluctuations. This innovative approach allows spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity to be assessed in real life conditions, with no need for external stimulation of the patient as required by the older laboratory techniques. This review will briefly survey the methods most widely used to assess baroreflex function in humans, in the laboratory and in daily life.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The human sympathetic nervous system: its relevance in hypertension and heart failure
TL;DR: The blood pressure lowering achieved with carotid baroreceptor stimulation and with the renal denervation device affirms the importance of the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension pathogenesis, and perhaps suggests a wider role for anti-adrenergic antihypertensives, such as the imidazoline drug class which act within the CNS to inhibit central sympathetic outflow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of long-acting testosterone treatment on functional exercise capacity, skeletal muscle performance, insulin resistance, and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with chronic heart failure a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.
Giuseppe Caminiti,Maurizio Volterrani,Ferdinando Iellamo,Giuseppe Marazzi,Rosalba Massaro,Marco Miceli,Caterina Mammi,Massimo F Piepoli,Massimo Fini,Giuseppe M.C. Rosano +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that long-acting testosterone therapy improves exercise capacity, muscle strength, glucose metabolism, and BRS in men with moderately severe CHF.
Journal ArticleDOI
Point: Counterpoint: Cardiovascular variability is/is not an index of autonomic control of circulation
TL;DR: This series of debates was initiated for the Journal of Applied Physiology because it believes an important means of searching for truth is through debating point-to-point results.
Journal ArticleDOI
The hierarchical basis of neurovisceral integration.
TL;DR: An updated/expanded version of the NVI model is presented that incorporates recent advances in functional neuroanatomy, and a class of computational models of brain function known as "predictive coding" models are illustrated to increase understanding of the relationship between vagal control and both cognitive performance and emotional/physical health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationships between features of autonomic cardiovascular control and cognitive performance.
TL;DR: The results concerning the on-task measures suggest that a pattern of cardiovascular adjustment including enhanced sympathetic and reduced vagal cardiovascular influences, as well as baroreflex inhibition may induce an adaptive state associated with improved cognitive-attentional functioning.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain.
TL;DR: It is the opinion that rhythms and neural components always interact, just like flexor and extensor tones or excitatory and inhibitory cardiovascular reflexes, and that it is misleading to separately consider vagal and sympathetic modulations of heart rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma Norepinephrine as a Guide to Prognosis in Patients with Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
Jay N. Cohn,T. B. Levine,Maria Teresa Olivari,Garberg,Lura D,Gary S. Francis,Ada B. Simon,Tom S. Rector +7 more
TL;DR: Measurements of Hemodynamics, plasma norepinephrine, and plasma renin activity in patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure suggest that a single resting venous blood sample showing the plasma norenphrine concentration provides a better guide to prognosis than other commonly measured indexes of cardiac performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Baroreflex sensitivity and heart-rate variability in prediction of total cardiac mortality after myocardial infarction
TL;DR: The ATRAMI study as discussed by the authors provides clinical evidence that after myocardial infarction the analysis of vagal reflexes has significant prognostic value independently of LVEF and ventricular arrhythmias and that it significantly adds to the prognosis value of heartrate variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reflex Regulation of Arterial Pressure during Sleep in Man: A Quantitative Method of Assessing Baroreflex Sensitivity
TL;DR: It is concluded that the baroreceptor reflex are can be rapidly reset, particularly during sleep, and the lower arterial pressures during sleep may be actively maintained in some subjects by increased baroreflex sensitivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnosis and management of diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
D J Ewing,B F Clarke +1 more
TL;DR: This article is intended to give a practical guide to those tests which it is thought that all five should be performed when possible, so giving fuller information about the state of the autonomic nervous system.