Journal ArticleDOI
Human Olfactory Biopsy: The Influence of Age and Receptor Distribution
TLDR
A significant negative correlation was noted between the age of the subject and the probability of obtaining olfactory epithelium, supporting the idea that the olf factory mucosa is gradually replaced by respiratory epithelio with aging.Abstract:
Thirty-six mucosal specimens were obtained with a biopsy instrument from the upper nasal septum of 12 human autopsy cases before the en bloc removal of the entire olfactory area. Examination of these 36 specimens with transmission electron microscopy demonstrated olfactory epithelium in only 17. A significant negative correlation (r = -.728) was noted between the age of the subject and the probability of obtaining olfactory epithelium, supporting the idea that the olfactory mucosa is gradually replaced by respiratory epithelium with aging. Using the en bloc specimens, the distribution of olfactory epithelium was reconstructed from light microscopic examination of silver-stained sections. Multiple patches of respiratory epithelium were observed over the upper portion of the nasal septum and superior turbinates, ie, the presumptive olfactory area. On transmission electron microscopic examination, frequent respiratory metaplasia was also suggested. Within the area of respiratory metaplasia, supporting cell-like and microvillar cell-like structures often were found; these structures may be remnants of olfactory epithelium. The sampling of olfactory tissue with a biopsy procedure is hampered by the irregular and patchy distribution of olfactory epithelium. The invasion of respiratory epithelial patches into the olfactory mucosa seems to be characteristic of the human olfactory epithelium and may increase as a function of age. Thus, conclusions about the structure of the olfactory mucosa in an individual patient must be based on several tissue samples.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The influences of age on olfaction: a review.
TL;DR: An overview of the anatomy and physiology of the aging olfactory system, how this system is clinically evaluated, and the multiple pathophysiological factors that are associated with its dysfunction are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of Olfactory Disorders in Relation to Major Causes of Olfactory Loss
Andreas F. P. Temmel,Christian Quint,Bettina Schickinger-Fischer,Ludger Klimek,Elisabeth Stoller,Thomas Hummel +5 more
TL;DR: This loss in quality of life (QoL) seemed to be of greater importance in younger than in older people, and women seem to be affected more strongly than men.
Journal ArticleDOI
Air pollution and brain damage.
Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas,Biagio Azzarelli,Hilda Acuna,Raquel Garcia,Todd M. Gambling,Norma Osnaya,Sylvia Monroy,Maria Del Rosario Tizapantzi,Johnny L. Carson,Anna Villarreal-Calderón,Barry Rewcastle +10 more
TL;DR: Persistent pulmonary infl ammation and deteriorating olfactory and respiratory barriers may play a role in the neuropathology observed in the brains of these highly exposed canines.
Journal ArticleDOI
Olfactory Mucosa Autografts in Human Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Clinical Study
Carlos Lima,José Pratas-Vital,Pedro Escada,Armando Hasse-Ferreira,Clara Capucho,Jean D. Peduzzi +5 more
TL;DR: This study shows that olfactory mucosa autograft transplantation into the human injured spinal cord is feasible, relatively safe, and potentially beneficial.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Techniques for Biopsy and Culture of Human Olfactory Epithelial Neurons
TL;DR: The techniques presented here make the human Olfactory epithelium a useful model for clinical research into certain olfactory dysfunctions and a model for the causes of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Journal Article
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TL;DR: Final steps in the maturation of differentiating receptors begin on the 17th day of gestation, when membranous organelles and lysosomes increase greatly in numbers, however, immature receptors can still be found in the base of the epithelium in postnatal life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Olfactory cilia in the frog
TL;DR: Olfactory epithelium from the frog was examined in the living state by light microscopy and in the fixed state by electron microscopy to support the theory that they are the locus where electrical excitation in the olfactory organ is initiated by contact with odorous substances.