Characteristics of Olfactory Disorders in Relation to Major Causes of Olfactory Loss
Andreas F. P. Temmel,Christian Quint,Bettina Schickinger-Fischer,Ludger Klimek,Elisabeth Stoller,Thomas Hummel +5 more
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TLDR
This loss in quality of life (QoL) seemed to be of greater importance in younger than in older people, and women seem to be affected more strongly than men.Abstract:
Objective To investigate the consequences of olfactory loss and explore specific questions related to the effect of duration of olfactory loss, degree of olfactory sensitivity, and cause of the olfactory loss. Patients A total of 278 consecutive patients with hyposmia or anosmia were examined. Results Causes of olfactory loss were categorized as follows: trauma (17%), upper respiratory tract infection (URI) (39%), sinonasal disease (21%), congenital anosmia (3%), idiopathic causes (18%), or other causes (3%). Our data suggest that (1) recovery rate was higher in URI olfactory loss than in olfactory loss from other causes; (2) likelihood of recovery seemed to decrease with increased duration of olfactory loss; and (3) the elderly are more prone to URI olfactory loss than younger patients. Regarding changes in quality of life (QoL), we found that (1) in most patients olfactory loss caused food-related problems; (2) loss in QoL did not change with duration of olfactory loss; (3) younger patients had more complaints than older ones, and women had more complaints than men; (4) complaint scores were higher in hyposmic patients than in anosmic patients; and (5) self-rated depression did not relate to measured olfactory function. Conclusions Among many complaints of olfactory loss, the predominant ones were food related. This loss in QoL seemed to be of greater importance in younger than in older people, and women seem to be affected more strongly than men.read more
Citations
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European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020
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TL;DR: The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012 and addresses areas not extensively covered in EPOS2012 such as paediatric CRS and sinus surgery.
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Olfactory Disorders and Quality of Life—An Updated Review
TL;DR: It can be concluded that loss of the sense of smell leads to disturbances in important areas, mainly in food enjoyment, detecting harmful food and smoke, and to some extent in social situations and working life.
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An Initial Evaluation of the Functions of Human Olfaction
TL;DR: This article presents an initial effort at identifying and categorizing these functions, using 3 sources of information as a guide: 1) losses experienced by anosmic participants; 2) olfactory function in other mammals; and 3) capacity, namely, whether the human Olfactory system can support the suggested function and whether there is evidence that it does.
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The association between smoking and smell and taste impairment in the general population
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Olfactory disorders and their consequences for quality of life
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TL;DR: It is suggested that quality of life, regarding safety issues and interpersonal relations, as well as eating habits and nutritional intake are severely altered in a large proportion of patients with olfactory disorders.
References
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‘Sniffin’ Sticks': Olfactory Performance Assessed by the Combined Testing of Odor Identification, Odor Discrimination and Olfactory Threshold
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TL;DR: A study of 750 patients with complaints of abnormal smell or taste perception from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center, Philadelphia suggests that chemosensory dysfunction influences quality of life.
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Gerd Kobal,Ludger Klimek,Markus Wolfensberger,Hilmar Gudziol,Andreas F. P. Temmel,Caroline M. Owen,Hermann Seeber,E. Pauli,Thomas Hummel +8 more
TL;DR: The results of this multicenter investigation provide the basis for the routine clinical evaluation of patients with olfactory disorders using “Sniffin’ Sticks” as a composite TDI score, i.e., the sum of results obtained for threshold, discrimination and identification measures.
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Smell and Taste in Health and Disease
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