Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrogen adsorption on supported cobalt, iron, and nickel
TLDR
In this paper, the application of hydrogen chemisorption to the measurement of metal surface areas is discussed and the results are interpreted in terms of reversibility of adsorption and interactions of hydrogen with metal oxides present on or near metal crystallites.Abstract:
This paper emphasizes concepts and fundamentals relating to the kinetics, energetics, and stoichiometries of adsorption of hydrogen on supported cobalt, iron and nickel, with emphasis on nickel. Relationships between catalyst and adsorption properties and the application of hydrogen chemisorption to the measurement of metal surface areas are discussed. Evidence is presented for nonstoichiometric adsorption of hydrogen on supported metals and the results are interpreted in terms (i) reversibility of adsorption and (ii) interactions of hydrogen with metal oxides present on or near metal crystallites. Contamination of the metal surface by support moieties can cause (i) the appearance of new adsorption states of hydrogen at higher binding energies and (ii) an increase in the adsorption activation energy for hydrogen which can lead to severe kinetic limitations in the adsorption process. Precalcination treatments and promoters such as potassium also cause the appearance of new high temperature adsorption states and significantly increase the adsorption activation energy for hydrogen.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of catalyst deactivation
TL;DR: The literature treating mechanisms of catalyst deactivation is reviewed in this paper, which can be classified into six distinct types: (i) poisoning, (ii) fouling, (iii) thermal degradation, (iv) vapor compound formation accompanied by transport, (v) vapor solid and/or solid solid reactions, and (vi) attrition/crushing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in the development of novel cobalt Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for synthesis of long-chain hydrocarbons and clean fuels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneous Catalyst Deactivation and Regeneration: A Review
TL;DR: In this article, a review on deactivation and regeneration of heterogeneous catalysts classifies deactivation by type (chemical, thermal, and mechanical) and by mechanism (poisoning, fouling, thermal degradation, vapor formation, vapor-solid and solid-solid reactions, and attrition/crushing).
Book ChapterDOI
Hydrogen and Synthesis gas by Steam- and CO2 reforming
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a coherent description of the catalysis of the steam reforming reactions, focusing on the role of the catalyst and problems related to carbon formation, and provide a summary of the empirical evidence of the reforming reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cooperativity and Dynamics Increase the Performance of NiFe Dry Reforming Catalysts
Sung Min Kim,Paula M. Abdala,Tigran Margossian,Davood Hosseini,Lucas Foppa,Andac Armutlulu,Wouter van Beek,Aleix Comas-Vives,Christophe Copéret,Christoph R. Müller +9 more
TL;DR: Owing to the high activity of the material and the absence of any XRD signature of FeO, it is very likely that FeO is formed as small domains of a few atom layer thickness covering a fraction of the surface of the Ni-rich particles, ensuring a close proximity of the carbon removal (FeO) and methane activation (Ni).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Adsorption of hydrogen on nickel single crystal surfaces
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of hydrogen adsorption on Ni(111, (100), and (110) surfaces was studied by means of LEED; energy loss spectroscopy, flash desorption, and work function measurements.
Journal ArticleDOI
The stoichiometries of H2 and CO adsorptions on cobalt: Effects of support and preparation
TL;DR: In this article, high temperature hydrogen adsorption and conventional 298 K adsorptions of hydrogen and carbon monoxide were characterized by unsupported cobalt and cobalt supported on silica, alumina, titania, magnesia, and carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature-Programmed Desorption and Reaction: Applications to Supported Catalysts
TL;DR: In this paper, a temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiment on a supported metal catalyst is described, where a small amount of catalyst (10-200 mg) is contained in a reactor that can be heated by a furnace.