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Identification and Attenuation of Barriers to Entrepreneurship Targeting New Destination Latino Migrants

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TLDR
In this article, a survey of more than 200 Latino immigrant entrepreneurs from 39 communities in 21 counties in western Arkansas was conducted to identify barriers to business formation and continuation within the target population.
Abstract
Results are reported from a Latino immigrant entrepreneur needs assessment survey. The research project was conducted to identify barriers to business formation and continuation within the target population. A total of 171 surveys representing more than 200 businesses from 39 communities in 21 counties in western Arkansas were collected. Nearly 42% of respondents cited start-up capital as their biggest barrier with another 15% naming it as the second biggest barrier. Understanding government regulations and tax information rated as the second biggest barrier that Latinos encountered. This barrier is more pronounced in rural areas than in urban areas. Other top concerns include advertising, location, and obtaining licenses and permits. A closer examination of barriers finds nuanced differences between rural and urban entrepreneurs. Outreach programs and materials developed in response to research findings are presented.

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Entrepreneurship by immigrants: a review of existing literature and directions for future research

TL;DR: In this article, the authors delineate the boundaries and outline the contributions of immigrant entrepreneurship research to the field of entrepreneurship, based on a comprehensive review of 69 studies published between 1980 and 2016 in journals across multiple disciplines.
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Agents of Change: How Immigrant-Run Ethnic Food Retailers Improve Food Environments

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report factors that enable immigrant entrepreneurs to operate healthy food retail stores in low-income urban neighborhoods and the challenges they must overcome in the process, including store owners' membership in ethnic networks, prior business experience, and understanding of niche market opportunities.
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Exploring customer orientation as a marketing strategy of Mexican-American entrepreneurs

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the customer orientation of Mexican-American entrepreneurs in the context of enclave theory, firm performance, and immigrant generation, and found that a discernible percentage of the firms of the Mexican American entrepreneurs surveyed followed a co-ethnic enclave customer orientation marketing strategy.
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A qualitative study on motivators and barriers affecting entrepreneurship among Latinas

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore motivators and barriers in business venture creation among potential Latina entrepreneurs and highlight pull factors (i.e., family business background and self-fulfillment) increasing entrepreneurial motivations among Latinas.
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Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

TL;DR: A growing number of cities, especially those outside traditional immigrant gateways, have sought to leverage immigrant resources to promote local e... as mentioned in this paper, where the authors present their research strategy, problem, research strategy and findings.
References
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Book

The Nature of Prejudice

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the dynamics of prejudgment, including: Frustration, Aggression and Hatred, Anxiety, Sex, and Guilt, Demagogy, and Tolerant Personality.
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Discrimination in the Small Business Credit Market

TL;DR: The authors conducted an econometric analysis of loan outcomes by race and found that black-owned small businesses are about twice as likely to be denied credit even after controlling for differences in creditworthiness and other factors.
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Competition, Small Business Financing, and Discrimination: Evidence from a New Survey*

TL;DR: This article analyzed credit applications, loan denials, and interest rates paid by small businesses across owner gender, race, and ethnicity, and found evidence that increases in competition in the firm's local banking market reduces these differences.
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Financial Services Used by Small Businesses: Evidence from the 1998 Survey of Small Business Finances

TL;DR: In the 1998 Survey of Small Business Finances as mentioned in this paper, the main goals of the survey were to provide information on credit accessibility for small businesses, their use of financial services, and the sources of those services.
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Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America

TL;DR: The prospect of a new racial balkanization is raised and key impediments to full incorporation of Hispanics into rural and small town community life are outlined.
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