Impact of Air Exposure on Vasotocinergic and Isotocinergic Systems in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata): New Insights on Fish Stress Response.
Arleta K. Skrzynska,Elisabetta Maiorano,Marco Bastaroli,Fatemeh Naderi,Jesús M. Míguez,Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez,Juan Miguel Mancera,Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha,Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha +8 more
TLDR
The results demonstrate, both at transcriptional and circulating levels of several hormones, the existence of a complex activation of different endocrine pathways in S. aurata related to the stress pathways, and highlights an important role of vasotoc inergic and isotocinergic pathways in liver metabolic organization after acute stress events.Abstract:
The hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) and hypothalamus-sympathetic-chromaffin cell (HSC) axes are involved in the regulation of the stress response in teleost. In this regard, the activation of a complex network of endocrine players is needed, including corticotrophin-releasing hormone (Crh), Crh binding protein (Crhbp), proopiomelanocortin (Pomc), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh), arginine vasotocin (Avt) and isotocin (It) to finally produce pleiotropic functions. We aimed to investigate, using the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) as a biological model, the transcriptomic response of different endocrine factors (crh, crhbp, pomcs, trh), neuropeptides (avt and it), and their specific receptors (avtrv1a, avtrv2 and itr) in four important target tissues (hypothalamus, pituitary, kidney and liver), after an acute stress situation. We also investigated several stress hormones (catecholamines and cortisol). The stress condition was induced by air exposure for 3 min, and hormonal, metabolic and transcriptomic parameters were analyzed in a time course response (15 and 30 min, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 h post-stress) in a total of 64 fish (n = 8 fish per experimental group; p-value = 0.05; statistical power = 95%). Our results showed that plasma noradrenaline, adrenaline and cortisol values increased few minutes after stress exposure. At hypothalamic and hypophyseal levels, acute stress affected mRNA expression of all measured precursors and hormonal factors, as well as their receptors (avtrs and itr), showing the activation, at central level, of HPI, HSC and Avt/It axes in the acute stress response. In addition, stress response also affected mRNA levels of avtrs and itr in the head kidney, as well as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) and tyrosine hydroxylase (th) expression, suggesting their participation in the HPI and HSC axes activation. Moreover, the pattern of changes in hepatic avtrs and itr gene expression also highlights an important role of vasotocinergic and isotocinergic pathways in liver metabolic organization after acute stress events. Our results demonstrate, both at transcriptional and circulating levels of several hormones, the existence of a complex activation of different endocrine pathways in S. aurata related to the stress pathways, where vasotocinergic and isotocinergic systems can also be considered key players of the acute stress response orchestration.read more
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Essential Oils as Stress-Reducing Agents for Fish Aquaculture: A Review
Carine F. Souza,Matheus D. Baldissera,Bernardo Baldisserotto,Berta Maria Heinzmann,Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha,Juan Miguel Mancera +5 more
TL;DR: The main findings regarding the use of different EOs as stress reducers will be presented to highlight the most important issues related to their use to improve fish welfare in aquaculture.
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TL;DR: The different physiological responses among fish species fed stress-attenuating diets based on biomolecules and minerals have been assessed, focusing on the endocrine regulation and its physiological effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Allostatic Load and Stress Physiology in European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata L.).
Athanasios Samaras,Carlos Espirito Santo,Nikos Papandroulakis,Nikolaos Mitrizakis,Michail Pavlidis,Erik Höglund,Thamar N.M. Pelgrim,Jan Zethof,Tom Spanings,Marco A. Vindas,Lars O.E. Ebbesson,Gert Flik,Marnix Gorissen +12 more
TL;DR: Seabass appear less resilient to stress, which is concluded from high basal activities of stress-related parameters and poor, or absent, responses to ACT.
Journal ArticleDOI
What can we learn from glucocorticoid administration in fish? Effects of cortisol and dexamethasone on intermediary metabolism of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.).
TL;DR: The effects of chronic oral administration of cortisol and the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DXM) on the intermediary metabolism of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles are shown and highlighted differentiated mechanisms of action associated to both corticosteroids under chronic stress conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma 1α-Hydroxycorticosterone as Biomarker for Acute Stress in Catsharks (Scyliorhinus canicula)
Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo,Cristina Barragán-Méndez,Ismael Jerez-Cepa,Miriam Fernández-Castro,Ignacio Sobrino,Juan Miguel Mancera,Johan Aerts +6 more
TL;DR: By using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of 1α-hydroxycorticosterone in plasma of the elasmobranch Scyliorhinus canicula, the response of this hormone to an acute-stress situation and for the first time its glucocorticoid action in elasmOBranchs are demonstrated.
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Book ChapterDOI
The Concept of Stress in Fish
Carl B. Schreck,Lluis Tort +1 more
TL;DR: Fish physiology has progressed to the point where it can easily recognize when fish are stressed, but it cannot always recognize when Fish are unstressed because the lack of clinical signs of stress does not always correspond to fish being unstressed, so fish scientists need to be aware of the possibility of false negatives regarding clinical Signs of stress.