Journal ArticleDOI
Increased resting energy expenditure in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men
M.J.T. Hommes,Johannes A. Romijn,Mieke H. Godfried,J. K. M. Eeftinck Schattenkerk,W.A. Buurman,Erik Endert,H. P. Sauerwein +6 more
TLDR
In this article, indirect calorimetry was performed in 18 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men free of clinically active opportunistic infections for at least two months.Abstract:
Even in the absence of anorexia and malabsorption, weight loss is frequently observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). To investigate whether increased resting energy expenditure (REE) might be responsible for this weight loss, indirect calorimetry was performed in 18 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men free of clinically active opportunistic infections for at least 2 months. Patients with AIDS (n = 11) or ARC (n = 7) had 9% higher rates of REE when compared with 11 healthy volunteers (P less than .05) with similar food intake and of the same body composition. The results obtained from patients with AIDS or ARC were identical. As no differences were found between patients and controls in plasma concentrations of catecholamines, thyroid hormones, cortisol, or tumor necrosis factor, except for lower concentrations of norepinephrine in the patients (mean +/- SD, 233 +/- 111 v 367 +/- 125 ng/L, patients v controls, P less than .01), this hypermetabolism is not explained by higher levels of these catabolic hormones. The results indicate that even in the absence of acute concomitant infections, increased REE may contribute to the weight loss in patients with AIDS or ARC.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lipids, lipoproteins, triglyceride clearance, and cytokines in human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Carl Grunfeld,Miyin Pang,William T. Doerrler,Judy K. Shigenaga,Peter S. Jensen,Kenneth R. Feingold +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied plasma lipids, lipoproteins, triglyceride (TG) metabolism, and serum cytokines in three groups: patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) without active secondary infection, patients with evidence of HIV infection but without clinical AIDS (HIV+), and controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolic disturbances and wasting in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
TL;DR: The metabolic disturbances that occur during AIDS are reviewed, put them in the context of studies of cachexia with infection and cancer, and attempt to define the role of these disturbances in the pathogenesis of wasting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Indirect calorimetry: a practical guide for clinicians.
TL;DR: Clinical applications for indirect calorimetry and the potential limitations are specifically addressed for both the inpatient and outpatient setting and the principles, methodology, technologic advancements, benefits, and challenges are addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Oxidative Stress in HIV Disease
Gary W. Pace,Cynthia D. Leaf +1 more
TL;DR: Clinical studies are underway to evaluate the efficacy of the glutathione-repleting agents, L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTC) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in HIV-infected patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resting energy expenditure, caloric intake, and short-term weight change in human immunodeficiency virus infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Carl Grunfeld,Miyin Pang,Laurie Shimizu,Judy K. Shigenaga,Peter S. Jensen,Kenneth R. Feingold +5 more
TL;DR: HIV+ and AIDS are able to partially compensate for increased REE because they do not show short-term weight loss, and rapid weight loss with anorexia may be a harbinger of secondary infection in AIDS.
References
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