Induction of the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex in 3T3-L1 adipocytes during differentiation.
TLDR
A close similarity in kinetics of induction of the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydration complex and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggests that a common mechanism may be involved in hormone-dependent increases in the activities of the catalytic components of these two complexes during differentiation.Abstract:
The activities of 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes were measured during hormone-mediated differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes. Specific activity of leucine-activated branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex increased approx. 10-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared with 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In contrast, specific activity of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex increased by only 3-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The three catalytic component enzymes of the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex showed concomitant increases in their specific activities. A close similarity in kinetics of induction of the branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggests that a common mechanism may be involved in hormone-dependent increases in the activities of the catalytic components of these two complexes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes during differentiation.read more
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Branched-chain amino acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis
Courtney R. Green,Martina Wallace,Ajit S. Divakaruni,Susan A. Phillips,Anne N. Murphy,Theodore P. Ciaraldi,Theodore P. Ciaraldi,Christian M. Metallo +7 more
TL;DR: St isotope tracing to pre–adipocytes and differentiated adipocytes is applied to quantify the contributions of different substrates to tricarboxylic acid metabolism and lipogenesis and suggest that BCAA catabolism plays a functional role in adipocyte differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of adipose branched-chain amino acid catabolism enzyme expression and cross-adipose amino acid flux in human obesity
Denise E. Lackey,Christopher J. Lynch,Kristine C. Olson,Rouzbeh Mostaedi,Mohamed R. Ali,William H. Smith,Fredrik Karpe,Sandy M. Humphreys,Daniel Bedinger,Tamara N. Dunn,Anthony P. Thomas,Pieter J. Oort,Dorothy A. Kieffer,Rajesh Amin,Ahmed Bettaieb,Fawaz G. Haj,Paska Permana,Tracy G. Anthony,Sean H. Adams,Sean H. Adams +19 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that suboptimal insulin action and/or perturbed metabolic signals in WAT could impair WAT BCAA utilization is supported and mRNA abundances for BCAA catabolic enzymes were markedly reduced in omental WAT of obese persons with metabolic syndrome compared with weight-matched healthy obese subjects, raising the possibility that visceral WAT contributes to the BCAA metabolic phenotype of metabolically compromised individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Catabolism of Branched Chain Amino Acids Contributes Significantly to Synthesis of Odd-Chain and Even-Chain Fatty Acids in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.
TL;DR: This work investigates the link between BCAA catabolism and fatty acid synthesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using parallel 13C-labeling experiments, mass spectrometry and model-based isotopomer data analysis, and demonstrates the high capacity of adipocytes for metabolizing BCAA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: Functional similarities and divergent evolution of the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductases
TL;DR: The comparison of the complete amino acid sequences of E3 from Escherichia coli, yeast, pig, and human shows considerable homologies of certain amino acid residues or short stretches of sequences, especially in the specific catalytic and structural domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeted disruption of the murine dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase gene (Dld) results in perigastrulation lethality
TL;DR: The introduced null mutation into the murine Dld gene provides in vivo evidence for the requirement of a mitochondrial oxidative pathway during the perigastrulation period and the early prenatal lethal condition of the complete deficiency state may explain the low incidence of detectable cases of E3 deficiency in humans.
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