Ion production rate in a boreal forest based on ion, particle and radiation measurements
Lauri Laakso,Tuukka Petäjä,Kari E. J. Lehtinen,Markku Kulmala,Jussi Paatero,Urmas Hõrrak,Hannes Tammet,Jorma Joutsensaari +7 more
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In this paper, the average ion production rate calculated from aerosol particle size distribution and air ion mobility distribution measurements was 2.6 ion pairs cm-3s-1, and based on external radiation and radon measurements, 4.5 ion pairscm-3 s-1.Abstract:
. In this study the ion production rates in a boreal forest were studied based on two different methods: 1) cluster ion and particle concentration measurements, 2) external radiation and radon concentration measurements. Both methods produced reasonable estimates for ion production rates. The average ion production rate calculated from aerosol particle size distribution and air ion mobility distribution measurements was 2.6 ion pairs cm-3s-1, and based on external radiation and radon measurements, 4.5 ion pairs cm-3s-1. The first method based on ion and particle measurements gave lower values for the ion production rates especially during the day. A possible reason for this is that particle measurements started only from 3nm, so the sink of small ions during the nucleation events was underestimated. It may also be possible that the hygroscopic growth factors of aerosol particles were underestimated. Another reason for the discrepancy is the nucleation mechanism itself. If the ions are somehow present in the nucleation process, there could have been an additional ion sink during the nucleation days.read more
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Formation and growth of fresh atmospheric aerosols: eight years of aerosol size distribution data from SMEAR II, Hyytiälä, Finland
Miikka Dal Maso,Markku Kulmala,Ilona Riipinen,Robert Wagner,Tareq Hussein,Pasi Aalto,Kari E. J. Lehtinen +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed size distributions measured continuously at a boreal forest measurement site at Hyytiala, Finland between 1996 and 2003 and identified days when new aerosol particle formation was taking place as well as days when no formation was detected, removing days with ambiguous status.
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Atmospheric sulphuric acid and aerosol formation: implications from atmospheric measurements for nucleation and early growth mechanisms
S.-L. Sihto,Markku Kulmala,V.-M. Kerminen,M. Dal Maso,Tuukka Petäjä,Ilona Riipinen,Hannele Korhonen,Frank Arnold,Robert Janson,Michael Boy,Ari Laaksonen,Kari E. J. Lehtinen +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the formation and early growth of atmospheric secondary aerosol particles building on atmospheric measurements and found that new particle formation seems to be a function of the gaseous sulphuric acid concentration to the power from one to two.
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The contribution of boundary layer nucleation events to total particle concentrations on regional and global scales
Dominick V. Spracklen,Dominick V. Spracklen,Kenneth S. Carslaw,Markku Kulmala,V.-M. Kerminen,Graham Mann,S.-L. Sihto +6 more
TL;DR: The contribution of boundary layer nucleation events to total particle concentrations on the global scale has been studied by including a new particle formation mechanism in a global aerosol microphysics model as discussed by the authors.
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Connections between atmospheric sulphuric acid and new particle formation during QUEST III–IV campaigns in Heidelberg and Hyytiälä
Ilona Riipinen,S.-L. Sihto,Markku Kulmala,Frank Arnold,M. Dal Maso,Wolfram Birmili,Karri Saarnio,Kimmo Teinilä,V.-M. Kerminen,Ari Laaksonen,Ari Laaksonen,Kari E. J. Lehtinen +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of sul- phuric acid in particle formation and growth was investigated in the QUEST III and BACCI/QUEST IV campaigns in Heidelberg and Hyyti, respectively.
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The global aerosol-climate model ECHAM-HAM, version 2: sensitivity to improvements in process representations
Kai Zhang,D. O'Donnell,D. O'Donnell,Jan Kazil,Jan Kazil,Philip Stier,Stefan Kinne,Ulrike Lohmann,Sylvaine Ferrachat,Betty Croft,Johannes Quaas,Johannes Quaas,Hui Wan,Sebastian Rast,Johann Feichter +14 more
TL;DR: The second version of the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM-HAM was introduced and evaluated in this article, where a new parameterization for aerosol nucleation and water uptake, an explicit treatment of secondary organic aerosols, modified emission calculations for sea salt and mineral dust, coupling of aerosol microphysics to a two-moment stratiform cloud micro-physics scheme, and alternative wet scavenging parameterizations were introduced.
References
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Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model for the chemistry of the Troposphere of the atmosphere and describe the properties of the Atmospheric Aqueous phase of single aerosol particles.
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model for the chemistry of the Troposphere of the atmosphere and describe the properties of the Atmospheric Aqueous phase of single aerosol particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations
Markku Kulmala,Hanna Vehkamäki,Tuukka Petäjä,M. Dal Maso,Antti Lauri,V.-M. Kerminen,Wolfram Birmili,Peter H. McMurry +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation rate of 3-nm particles is often in the range 0.01-10 cm −3 s −1 in the boundary layer in urban areas and in coastal areas and industrial plumes.