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Is There a Glass Ceiling in Sweden
James Albrecht,James Albrecht,James Albrecht,Anders Björklund,Anders Björklund,Susan Vroman,Susan Vroman +6 more
TLDR
This paper showed that the gender log wage gap in Sweden increases throughout the wage distribution and accelerates in the upper tail of the distribution, which they interpret as a glass ceiling effect, and examined whether this pattern can be asribed primarily to gender differences in labor market characteristics or to gender difference in rewards to those characteristics.Abstract:
Using data from 1998, we show that the gender log wage gap in Sweden increases throughout the wage distribution and accelerates in the upper tail of the distribution, which we interpret as a glass ceiling effect. Using earlier data, we show that the same pattern held at the beginning of the 1990's but not in the prior two decades. Further, we do not find this pattern either for the log wage gap between immigrants and non-immigrants in the Swedish labor market or for the gender gap in the U.S. labor market. Our findings suggest that a gender-specific mechanism in the Swedish labor market hinders women from reaching the top of the wage distribution. Using quantile regressions, we examine whether this pattern can be asribed primarily to gender differences in labor market characteristics or to gender differences in rewards to those characteristics. We estimate pooled quantile regressions with gender dummies, as well as separate quantile regressions by gender, and we carry out a decomposition analysis in the spirit of the Oaxaca-Blinder technique. Even after extensive controls for gender differences in age, education (both level and field), sector, industry, and occupation, we find that the glass ceiling effect we see in the raw data persists to a considerable extent.read more
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The Gender Wage Gap: Extent, Trends, and Explanations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide new empirical evidence on the extent of and trends in the gender wage gap, using PSID microdata over the 1980-2010, which shows that women's work force interruptions and shorter hours remain significant in high skilled occupations, possibly due to compensating differentials.
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Unconditional Quantile Regressions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a regression method to estimate the impact of explanatory variables on quantiles of the unconditional (marginal) distribution of an outcome variable, which consists of running a regression of the (recentered) influence function (RIF) on the explanatory variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond the Glass Ceiling: Does Gender Matter?
Renee B. Adams,Patricia Funk +1 more
TL;DR: Using a large survey of directors, it is shown that female and male directors differ systematically in their core values and risk attitudes, but in ways that differ from gender differences in the general population.
Posted Content
Is There a Glass Ceiling over Europe? Exploring the Gender Pay Gap across the Wages Distribution
Wiji Arulampalam,Wiji Arulampalam,Alison L. Booth,Alison L. Booth,Alison L. Booth,Mark L. Bryan +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse gender pay gaps by sector across the wages distribution for ten countries and find that gender pay gap is typically higher at the top than the bottom end of the wage distribution, suggesting that glass ceilings are more prevalent than sticky floors.
ReportDOI
Decomposition methods in economics
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of decomposition methods that have been developed since the seminal work of Oaxaca and Blinder in the early 1970s can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the assumptions required for identifying the different elements of the decomposition, as well as various estimation methods proposed in the literature.
References
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Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the average extent of discrimination against female workers in the United States and provide a quantitative assessment of the sources of male-female wage differentials in the same occupation.
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Labor Market Institutions and the Distribution of Wages, 1973-1992: a Semiparametric Approach.
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Robust Tests for Heteroscedasticity Based on Regression Quantiles
Roger Koenker,Gilbert W. Bassett +1 more
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Recent Advances in Quantile Regression Models: A Practical Guideline for Empirical Research
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a guideline for the practical use of the semi-parametric technique of quantile regression, concentrating on cross-section applications and provide an empirical example using data from the Current Population Survey.
Journal ArticleDOI
Counterfactual decomposition of changes in wage distributions using quantile regression
José A. F. Machado,José Mata +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to decompose the changes in the wage distribution over a period of time in several factors contributing to those changes, such as changes in characteristics of the working population and changes in returns to these characteristics.
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