Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation and purification of deoxynivalenol and a new trichothecene by high pressure liquid chromatography
TLDR
Deoxynivalenol (3,7,15-trihydroxy-12,l3-epoxytrichothec-9-ene-8-one) was extracted from corn with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) and purified by liquid:liquid partitioning and by preparative high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Deoxynivalenol (3,7,15-trihydroxy-12,l3-epoxytrichothec-9-ene-8-one) was extracted from corn with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) and purified by liquid:liquid partitioning and by preparative high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). This procedure was used to prepare mg quantities of toxin from field-inoculated corn for reference standards. Analysis of the isolated deoxynivalenol by analytical HPLC, gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and gas liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GLC/MS) indicated the presence of a second compound similar to deoxynivalenol. This compound comigrates with deoxynivalenol on thin layer chromatography plates in chloroform/methanol (90:10, v/v), but can be separated by HPLC on a reverse-phase C8 column with methanol/water (10:90, v/v). GC/MS of the compound and the trimethylsilyl ether derivative gave parent ions of m/e 280 and 424, respectively. These data and NMR data indicate that the compound is 3,15-dihydroxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene-8-one, a previously unreported trichothecene.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Outbreak of trichothecene mycotoxicosis associated with consumption of mould-damaged wheat products in kashmir valley, india
TL;DR: Investigation and laboratory based studies indicated that the outbreak was associated with the consumption of bread made from mould-damaged wheat, and the finding that trichothecene mycotoxins, especially deoxynivalenol trichohcene, cause symptoms in man emphasizes the need for a reappraisal of its safety limits in food.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deoxynivalenol, acetyl deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone formation by Canadian isolates of Fusarium graminearum on solid substrates.
TL;DR: Three isolates of Fusarium graminearum were screened for their ability to produce mycotoxins on the solid substrates corn and rice, with levels of deoxynivalenol being much higher than those of zearalenone, and other factors, such as pH, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, and size of the culture flask also appeared to affect the production of mycotoxin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determination of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol in wheat using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with negative ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation.
TL;DR: A new, rapid and sensitive method has been developed by using HPLC in combination with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-interface and a single quadrupole mass spectrometer for the determination of nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenols (DON).
Book ChapterDOI
Metabolites of fusarium
TL;DR: This chapter presents, in addition to the trichothecenes, specific groups of metabolites from Fusarium, based on biological activity, which are: pigments, mycotoxins, antibiotics, phytotoxin, and derivatives of zearalenone.
Book ChapterDOI
The trichothecenes and their biosynthesis.
TL;DR: The trichothecenes are a group of naturallyoccurring sesquiterpenoid epoxides which show a broad range of biological activity, including powerful inhibitors of eukaryotic protein synthesis, phytotoxic, insecticidal and toxic to animals, and some are among the most toxic nonnitrogenous compounds known to man as discussed by the authors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Emetic and refusal activity of deoxynivalenol to swine.
TL;DR: Deoxynivalenol added to feed reduced feed consumption of 20- to 45-kg pigs, and feed refusal was much greater for naturally infected corn samples than for feeds with equal concentrations of the pure compound added, indicating the involvement of an additional factor(s) in the swine refusal response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of the Emetic Principle from Fusarium-Infected Corn
TL;DR: A mycotoxin responsible for vomiting in swine has been isolated from Fusarium-contaminated field corn and has been given the trivial name vomitoxin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of 1977 crop year preharvest corn for vomitoxin.
TL;DR: Fifty-two preharvest corn samples were collected in mid-October 1977 from 26 farms in a four-county area of northwest Ohio, making it favorable for Fusarium growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural occurrence of trichothecenes (nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, T2) and zearalenone in corn.
TL;DR: Samples of corn suspected of causing infertility and refusal symptoms were analyzed and found to contain nivalenol, deoxynivalenols, T2 toxin and zearalenone, metabolites from Fusarium species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acceptance by swine and rats of corn amended with trichothecenes.
TL;DR: Swine and rats demonstrated the same response factor for consumption of corn amended with trichothecenes per the average amount of uncontaminated corn consumed by animals.