Journal ArticleDOI
Liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide as organic solvents
TLDR
In this article, the authors explored the nature of carbon dioxide in its liquid and supercritical states as a solvent for organic compounds and found that CO/sub 2/ behaves very much like a hydrocarbon solvent with very low polarizability.Abstract:
The nature of carbon dioxide in its liquid and supercritical states as a solvent for organic compounds was explored. Visible spectroscopy of solvatochromic dyes, ir spectroscopy of ketones and pyrrole, and the exo:endo ratio of a Diels-Alder reaction in CO/sub 2/ solutions were employed as probes of solvent polarity. For both liquid and supercritical CO/sub 2/, E/sub t/(30) similarly ordered 33.8 kcal/mol and Omega similarly 0.50; ..pi.. is near -0.5. Thus, CO/sub 2/ in these states behaves very much like a hydrocarbon solvent with very low polarizability. 52 references, 6 tables.read more
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Supercritical and near-critical CO2 in green chemical synthesis and processing
TL;DR: A review of the use of CO 2 to create greener processes and products, with a focus on research and commercialization efforts performed since 1995, is presented in this article, which reveals that careful application of CO2 technology can result in products (and processes) that are cleaner, less expensive and of higher quality.
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Polymer synthesis and processing using supercritical carbon dioxide
TL;DR: Carbon dioxide is a clean and versatile solvent for the synthesis and processing of a range of materials as discussed by the authors, with particular attention being given to the formation of polymers with well defined morphologies.
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Enzymatic catalysis in monophasic organic solvents
TL;DR: Attention is focused on the factors that influence enzymatic catalysis in monophasic solvents including the role of enzyme-associated water, the nature of the biocatalyst preparation, and the properties of the organic solvent.
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Supercritical carbon dioxide as a green solvent for processing polymer melts: Processing aspects and applications
TL;DR: In this paper, experimental and theoretical studies of solubility and viscosity of several polymer melts are discussed in detail, and detailed attention is also given to recently reported applications along with aspects related to polymer processing.
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Solvatochromic parameters for solvents of interest in green chemistry
TL;DR: In this article, the Kamlet-Taft parameters of glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol have been resolved with new data, including the normalized Reichardt's parameter (ENT), Nile red λmax, and Kamlet's parameters (α, β, and π*) for switchable-polarity solvents.