Localized reactive power markets using the concept of voltage control areas
TLDR
In this article, a localized competitive market for reactive power ancillary services at the level of individual voltage control areas is proposed, where uniform prices for various components of reactive power service are obtained for each voltage-control area.Abstract:
In this paper, we present the design of a localized competitive market for reactive power ancillary services at the level of individual voltage-control areas. The concept of electrical distance has been used to identify the different voltage-control areas within a power system. The proposed reactive power market is settled on uniform price auction, using a modified optimal power-flow model. Uniform prices for various components of reactive power service are obtained for each voltage-control area. In the study cases described in the paper, we examine whether such a localized reactive power market is more desirable than a common system-wide reactive power market.read more
Figures
TABLE IV REACTIVE POWER CONTRACTS IN THREE CASES 
TABLE II CASE 0: REACTIVE POWER CONTRACTS AND UNIFORM PRICES 
TABLE III CASE 1: REACTIVE POWER CONTRACTS AND ZONE-WISE PRICES 
TABLE V UNIFORM MARKET PRICE COMPARISON IN THREE CASES 
Fig. 1. Structure of reactive offers from providers. 
TABLE I ELECTRICAL DISTANCES FOR GROUPING BUSES IN VOLTAGE-CONTROL AREAS
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References
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Reactive Power as an Ancillary Service
Kankar Bhattacharya,Jin Zhong +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a reactive bid structure is proposed in the context of a reactive power market, based on the reactive power price offers and technical constraints involved in reactive power planning, a two-tier approach is developed to determine the most beneficial reactive power contracts for the ISO.
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Reactive power pricing and management
Shangyou Hao,A. Papalexopoulos +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the technical and economic issues of determining reactive power pricing structures in an open-access environment are explored, and several cost allocation methods for valuing reactive power are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards a Competitive Market for Reactive Power
Jin Zhong,Kankar Bhattacharya +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of a competitive market for reactive power ancillary services is presented, and the reactive power market is settled on uniform price auction, using a compromise programming approach based on a modified optimal power flow model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural analysis of the electrical system
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the studies conducted to reach an automatic determination of zones and pilot nodes based on the examination of the structure of the network, using the concept of electrical distance and its close relationship with the theory of information underlined.