Journal ArticleDOI
Longitudinal instabilities and secondary flows in the planetary boundary layer: A review
TLDR
In this paper, the authors reviewed the observations and theory with emphasis on the dynamics-dominated flow and showed that both convection in the presence of shear and the dynamic inflection point instabilities of the Ekman layer lead to these flow patterns.Abstract:
Within the past decade, satellite pictures have shown persistent cloud patterns which indicate that the flow in the atmospheric planetary boundary layer is often organized into helical secondary circulations aligned parallel to the mean flow. Theory and observation agree that both convection in the presence of shear and the dynamic inflection point instabilities of the Ekman layer lead to these flow patterns. The observations and theory are reviewed with emphasis on the dynamics-dominated flow.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Roll vortices in the planetary boundary layer: A review
D. Etling,Robert A. Brown +1 more
TL;DR: Roll vortices may be loosely defined as quasi-two-dimensional organized large eddies with their horizontal axis extending through the whole planetary boundary layer (PBL), and their indirect manifestation is most obvious in so-called cloud streets as can be seen in numerous satellite pictures as mentioned in this paper.
Book
Parameterization Schemes: Keys to Understanding Numerical Weather Prediction Models
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a list of principal symbols and abbreviations for parameterization schemes and their application in the terrestrial environment, including land surface-atmosphere parameterizations, water-surface-layer and turbulence parameterizations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review: the atmospheric boundary layer
TL;DR: An overview of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over both continental and ocean surfaces, mainly from observational and modelling perspectives, is given in this paper, where the authors present exciting challenges so far as improved understanding of ABL behaviour and improved representation of the ABL in numerical models of the atmosphere are concerned.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoscale shallow convection in the atmosphere
B. W. Atkinson,J. Wu Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: A review of the observational, experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies of mesoscale shallow convection (MSC) in the atmosphere can be found in this paper, where a review of theoretical and laboratory analyses and numerical modeling of MSC is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoscale Variations of Tropospheric Aerosols
TL;DR: In this paper, the mesoscale variability (specifically, for horizontal scales of 40-400 km and temporal scales of 2-48 h) is a common and perhaps universal feature of lower-tropospheric aerosol light extinction.
References
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LIX. On convection currents in a horizontal layer of fluid, when the higher temperature is on the under side
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On the stability of heterogeneous shear flows
TL;DR: In this paper, small perturbations of a parallel shear flow U(y) in an inviscid, incompressible fluid of variable density ρ 0 (y) are considered.
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Numerical Investigation of Neutral and Unstable Planetary Boundary Layers
TL;DR: In this article, numerical integrations are presented for a neutrally stratified planetary boundary layer containing a passive scalar, and for three unstable cases with upward heat flux, assuming the air is assumed unsaturated.
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Turbulence Structure in the Convective Boundary Layer
TL;DR: In this paper, a boundary layer experiment conducted over a flat site in northwestern Minnesota is discussed, where wind and temperature fluctuations near the ground were measured with AFCRL's fast-response instrumentation on a 32 m tower with MRU probes attached at five different heights to the tethering cable of a 1300 m2 kite balloon.