Journal ArticleDOI
Low-temperature relaxations of charge carriers in disordered hopping systems
V I Arkhipov,G J Adriaenssens +1 more
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In this article, an exponential density of localized states (DOS) model is proposed for low-temperature disordered hopping systems, which allows the introduction of a lowtemperature analogue of the Einstein relation between carrier mobility and diffusivity.Abstract:
Energetic relaxation, drift, diffusion and recombination of charge carriers are considered at low temperatures in disordered hopping systems. It is shown that, due to its scaling form, an exponential energetic distribution of the density of localized states (DOS) generates very specific transport characteristics which cannot be obtained for other types of DOS functions. In contrast with other distributions, only an exponential DOS function allows (i) the introduction of a low-temperature analogue of the Einstein relation between carrier mobility and diffusivity for some initial time domain of relaxation and (ii) the description of carrier drift in strong electric fields in terms of a field-dependent effective temperature.read more
Citations
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Interpretation of electron diffusion coefficient in organic and inorganic semiconductors with broad distributions of states
TL;DR: This work examines in detail models for carrier transport in nanocrystalline semiconductors and organic materials with the following distributions: single and two-level systems, exponential and Gaussian density of states, and treats both the multiple trapping models and the hopping model in the transport energy approximation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Equilibrium carrier mobility in disordered hopping systems
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the charge carrier mobility in a positionally and energetically disordered hopping system can be evaluated by averaging either the hopping rates or the hopping times over the thermal equilibrium energy distribution of localized carriers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hopping model of thermally stimulated photoluminescence in disordered organic materials
TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical model of thermally stimulated photoluminescence (TSPL) in a random hopping system is formulated, based on the assumption that TSPL originates from radiative recombination of sufficiently long geminate pairs of charge carriers created during photoexcitation of the sample at a low (helium) temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of deep traps on carrier hopping in disordered organic materials
Vladimir Arkhipov,Johan Reynaert,Yadong Jin,Paul Heremans,E.V Emelianova,Guy Adriaenssens,Heinz Bässler +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analytic model of equilibrium carrier hopping conductivity in disordered organic materials with traps is formulated, based on the concept of the effective transport level, and it is shown that deep traps may significantly affect the energy of the transport level especially at low temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hopping charge transport in organic materials
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the dominant part of the total energetic disorder in organic material is usually provided by the electrostatic disorder, generated by randomly located and oriented dipoles and quadrupoles.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A physical interpretation of dispersive transport in disordered semiconductors
Thomas Tiedje,A. Rose +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a physical interpretation for the dispersive charge transport arising from a distribution of localized states in disordered semiconductors is proposed, based on the progressive thermalization of electrons in an exponential distribution of traps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hopping in exponential band tails
TL;DR: A simple description is presented which includes both of these processes in a single, self-consistent model, and estimate the segregation time of photoexcited carriershoping and thermal excitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photocurrent Transient Spectroscopy: Measurement of the Density of Localized States in a -As 2 Se 3
Joseph Orenstein,Marc Kastner +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the multiple-trapping mechanism was used to explain photo-induced optical absorption transients in a unified way with the multiple trapping mechanism, and transient photoconductivity provided a spectroscopy of the density of localized states.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effective temperature of hopping electrons in a strong electric field.
S. Marianer,Boris I Shklovskii +1 more
TL;DR: The conductivity \ensuremath{\sigma}(T,E) collapses to a single universal curve when plotted as a function of the effective temperature T and E, confirming the fact that T determines the conductivity.