Journal ArticleDOI
Marine Stratocumulus Layers. Part II: Turbulence Budgets
TLDR
In this article, the authors discuss the turbulence profiles and budgets for two days of radiation, dynamical and thermodynamical observations by the NCAR Electra in shallow marine stratocumulus off the California coast in June 1976.Abstract:
This paper discusses the turbulence profiles and budgets for two days of radiation, dynamical and thermodynamical observations by the NCAR Electra in shallow marine stratocumulus off the California coast in June 1976. The boundary layer is characterized by relatively high wind speeds (12–20 m s−1) and low liquid water contents (0.1 g kg−1); the clouds are not very convective and seem to have little influence on the turbulence budgets. In cloud, drizzle has a significant impact on the liquid water budget and occasionally even on the total water budget even though no drizzle is observed at the surface. The stresses, velocity variances, and their budgets behave as in a neutral boundary layer, sometimes with an additional peak in the cross-wind variance at the inversion due to shear production. There is scant evidence of direct production of vertical velocity variance at cloud top due to radiative cooling or latent heat release; it is maintained principally by the pressure-scrambling terms through re...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness.
TL;DR: Increases in aerosol concentrations over the oceans may increase the amount of low-level cloudiness through a reduction in drizzle—a process that regulates the liquid-water content and the energetics of shallow marine clouds—to contribute to a cooling of the earth's surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
AERMOD: A Dispersion Model for Industrial Source Applications. Part I: General Model Formulation and Boundary Layer Characterization.
Alan J. Cimorelli,Steven G. Perry,Akula Venkatram,Jeffrey Weil,Robert Paine,Robert B. Wilson,Russell F. Lee,Warren D. Peters,Roger W. Brode +8 more
TL;DR: The formulation of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Regulatory Model (AERMOD) Improvement Committee's applied air dispersion model is described in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The dynamics of stratocumulus: Aircraft observations and comparisons with a mixed layer model
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed case study of day-time stratocumulus over the North Sea using an instrumented aircraft is presented, where measurements include turbulence fluctuation data, radiation fluxes and droplet spectra and were made both in and out of cloud.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics and chemistry of marine stratocumulus - DYCOMS II
Bjorn Stevens,Donald H. Lenschow,Gabor Vali,H. Gerber,Alan R. Bandy,Byron Blomquist,Jean-Louis Brenguier,Christopher S. Bretherton,F. Burnet,Teresa Campos,Steven K. Chai,Ian Faloona,D. Friesen,Samuel Haimov,Krista K. Laursen,Douglas K. Lilly,Scot M. Loehrer,Szymon P. Malinowski,Bruce Morley,Markus D. Petters,D. C. Rogers,Lynn M. Russell,Verica Savic-Jovcic,Jefferson R. Snider,D. Straub,Marcin J. Szumowski,H. Takagi,Donald C. Thornton,Mark Tschudi,Cynthia H. Twohy,Melanie A. Wetzel,M. van Zanten +31 more
TL;DR: The second Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus (DYCOMS-II) field study is described in this article, which consists of nine flights in marine stratocummulus west-southwest of San Diego, California.
Journal ArticleDOI
Applied dispersion modelling based on meteorological scaling parameters
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for calculating the dispersion of plumes in the atmospheric boundary layer is presented, where the inputs to the method are fundamental meteorological parameters, which act as distinct scaling parameters for the turbulence.