Methylotrophic Methylobacterium bacteria nodulate and fix nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes.
Abdourahmane Sy,Eric Giraud,Philippe Jourand,Nelly Garcia,Anne Willems,Philippe de Lajudie,Yves Prin,Marc Neyra,Monique Gillis,Catherine Boivin-Masson,Bernard Dreyfus +10 more
TLDR
The discovery of a fourth rhizobial branch involving bacteria of the Methylobacterium genus is reported, which is closely related to Bradyrhizobium NodA, suggesting that this gene was acquired by horizontal gene transfer.Abstract:
Rhizobia described so far belong to three distinct phylogenetic branches within the alpha-2 subclass of Proteobacteria. Here we report the discovery of a fourth rhizobial branch involving bacteria of the Methylobacterium genus. Rhizobia isolated from Crotalaria legumes were assigned to a new species, "Methylobacterium nodulans," within the Methylobacterium genus on the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA analyses. We demonstrated that these rhizobia facultatively grow on methanol, which is a characteristic of Methylobacterium spp. but a unique feature among rhizobia. Genes encoding two key enzymes of methylotrophy and nodulation, the mxaF gene, encoding the alpha subunit of the methanol dehydrogenase, and the nodA gene, encoding an acyltransferase involved in Nod factor biosynthesis, were sequenced for the type strain, ORS2060. Plant tests and nodA amplification assays showed that "M. nodulans" is the only nodulating Methylobacterium sp. identified so far. Phylogenetic sequence analysis showed that "M. nodulans" NodA is closely related to Bradyrhizobium NodA, suggesting that this gene was acquired by horizontal gene transfer.read more
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Rhizosphere microbiome assemblage is affected by plant development.
TL;DR: It is surmised that plants secrete blends of compounds and specific phytochemicals in the root exudates that are differentially produced at distinct stages of development to help orchestrate rhizosphere microbiome assemblage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Infection and Invasion of Roots by Symbiotic, Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia during Nodulation of Temperate Legumes
TL;DR: Root hair growth, how root hair growth is influenced by rhizobial signaling molecules, infection of root hairs, infection thread extension down root hairs), infection thread growth into root tissue, and the plant and bacterial contributions necessary for infection thread formation and growth are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nodulation of legumes by members of the beta-subclass of Proteobacteria.
TL;DR: The identification of proteobacteria from the β-subclass that nodulate legumes shows that the ability to establish a symbiosis with legumes is more widespread in bacteria than anticipated to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity of endophytic bacterial populations and their interaction with Xylella fastidiosa in citrus plants.
Welington Luiz Araújo,Joelma Marcon,Walter Maccheroni,Jan Dirk van Elsas,Jim W. L. van Vuurde,João Lúcio de Azevedo,João Lúcio de Azevedo +6 more
TL;DR: The higher frequency of C. flaccumfaciens in asymptomatic plants suggests a role for this organism in the resistance of plants to CVC, and DGGE profiles can be used to detect some endophytic bacteria of citrus plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with legumes: how many rhizobium recipes?
TL;DR: The cumulative evidence from recent genomic and genetic analyses pointing toward an unexpected variety of mechanisms that lead to symbiosis with legumes is reviewed.
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Book
A manual for the practical study of root-nodule bacteria
TL;DR: A manual for the practical study of root-nodule bacteria is presented in this article, where the authors present a set of root nodule genes and root nodes.