Journal ArticleDOI
Monolithic zirconia gels from metal—organic solutions
Debtosh Kundu,Dibyendu Ganguli +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors showed that the rate of evolution of the volatiles from the gel-forming compositions could play a vital role in determining the nature of the product.Abstract:
It has recently been shown by Ganguli and Kundu [1] that amorphous and transparent coatings of pure ZrO 2 could be prepared by controlled hydrolysis of zirconium propoxide and subsequent polymerization by using a non-polar solvent like cyclohexane instead of the usual alcoholic solvents employed for preparing coatings and monoliths [2-7] The non-polar, hydrophobic solvent was used to avoid precipitation caused by the high rate of hydrolysis of Zr(OC3H7)4 The present work is a continuation of the above study, leading to the preparation of pure, transparent and amorphous zirconia gels (including monoliths), using zirconium propoxide and cyclohexane It was observed during this work that the rate of evolution of the volatiles from the gel-forming compositions could play a vital role in determining the nature of the product This has also been systematically examined Technical grade zirconium n-propoxide (Fluka) and Analar grade cyclohexane (BDH) were used for preparing the zirconia gels The cyclohexane was thoroughly dried before use by repeated contact under stirring with activated silica gel and molecular sieve 4A Solutions of the propoxide in cyclohexane (in the range 4 to 10 equivalent wt % ZrO2) were prepared inread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sol-gel chemistry of transition metal oxides
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation of a colloidal colloidal by un procede sol gel is described, and a procedure for determination des proprietes electriques et electrochimiques is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sol-gel chemistry
Jacques Livage,Clément Sanchez +1 more
TL;DR: The chemical reactivity of metal alkoxides toward hydrolysis, condensation and complexation mainly depends on the electronegativity of the metal atom, its coordination number and the steric hindrance of alkoxide groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical modification of titanium alkoxides for sol–gel processing
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural aspects and the possibility to introduce functional organic groups are discussed, and a detailed review of the chemical modification of titanium alkoxides by alkoxy-and amino-alcohols, s-diketones and s-ketoesters is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Applications of the sol-gel process
TL;DR: The advantages and disadvantages of the sol-gel process are reviewed in this paper, where many factors governing the development of structure and microstructure during gelation and subsequent heating are mentioned.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gel technology in ceramics, glass-ceramics and ceramic-ceramic composites☆
TL;DR: The use of sol-gel routes has been widely used for many centuries in earthenware and china production and history points out that progress is due to the "wedding" of (inorganic and organic) chemistry with ceramics as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Glassy and crystalline systems from gels, chemical basis and technical application
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of other sol-gel fields, using literature and patents until 1982, is presented, including preforms for communication fibres, technical fibres drawn from solution (possibly, unsupported films), hollow spheres for nuclear fuels, catalytic effects and, last not least, coatings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deposition and properties of optical oxide coatings from polymerized solutions
TL;DR: In this paper, the optical properties of oxide films from polymerized solutions are identified and their specific effects are described, including type of solution, nature of substrate, drying conditions, and heat treatment atmosphere and temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monolithic dried gels
Lisa C. Klein,G. J. Garvey +1 more
TL;DR: Monolithic dried silica gels were formed by treating a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol and water with small additions of HCl, increasing the solution density by a vacuum distillation process, casting samples at densities between 09 and 13 g/cm3 and drying these samples slowly for one month in the laboratory as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation of amorphous ZrO2 coatings from metal-organic solutions
Dibyendu Ganguli,Debtosh Kundu +1 more
TL;DR: Conditions de preparation and proprietes de transmission optique des revetements transparents et amorphes de ZrO 2 des substrats de verres sodocalciques as discussed by the authors.