Journal ArticleDOI
MPM—An atmospheric millimeter-wave propagation model
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors characterized the neutral atmosphere for the frequency range from 1 to 300 GHz as a nonturbulent propagation medium and predicted attenuation and propagation delay effects from meteorological data sets: pressure, temperature, humidity, suspended particle concentration, and rain rate.Abstract:
The neutral atmosphere is characterized for the frequency range from 1 to 300 GHz as a nonturbulent propagation medium. Attenuation and propagation delay effects are predicted from meteorological data sets: pressure, temperature, humidity, suspended particle concentration, and rain rate. The physical data base of the propagation model consists of four terms: (a) resonance information for 30 water vapor and 48 oxygen absorption lines in the form of intensity coefficients and center frequency for each line; (b) a composite (oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen) continuum spectrum; (c) a hydrosol attenuation term for haze, fog, ,and cloud conditions; and (d) a rain attenuation model. Oxygen lines extend into the mesosphere, where they behave in a complicated manner due to the Zeeman effect. The geomagnetic field strength H is required as an additional input parameter. Each 02 line splits proportionally with H into numerous, sub-lines, which are juxtaposed to form a Zeeman pattern spread over a megahertz scale. Patterns for three main polarization cases are calculated. Detailed examples for model atmospheres provide basic millimeter wave propagation information over the height range 0 to 100 km of the neutral atmosphere.read more
Citations
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Ground-based radiometric observations of atmospheric emission and attenuation at 20.6, 31.65, and 90.0 GHz: a comparison of measurements and theory
TL;DR: In this article, ground-based zenith-viewing observations of atmospheric thermal emission were made at frequencies of 20.6, 31.65, and 90.0 GHz.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropospheric phase calibration in millimeter interferometry
Chris Carilli,M. A. Holdaway +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a measurement of precipitable water vapor content of the troposphere via a radiometric measurement of the brightness temperature of the atmosphere is used for phase correction of radio interferometers.
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A 35-GHz Polarimetric Doppler Radar for Long-Term Observations of Cloud Parameters—Description of System and Data Processing
Ulrich Görsdorf,Volker Lehmann,Matthias Bauer-Pfundstein,Gerhard Peters,Dmytro M. Vavriv,Vladimir Vinogradov,Vadim Volkov +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a 35-GHz radar has been operating at the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg (Germany) since 2004, measuring cloud parameters continuously, and the accuracy of the internal calibration (budget calibration) has been appraised to be 1.3 dB.
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EHF for Satellite Communications: The New Broadband Frontier
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the current status of research and technology in extremely high-frequency (EHF) satellite communications and taking a look at future perspectives in terms of applications and services.
Journal ArticleDOI
Airborne retrievals of snow and ice surface emissivity at millimeter wavelengths
Tim J. Hewison,Stephen English +1 more
TL;DR: The parameterization presented is intended to provide a background for temperature and humidity retrievals from satellite sounders, but the results will be of interest to the snow and ice remote-sensing communities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The aR b relation in the calculation of rain attenuation
R. Olsen,D. Rogers,D. Hodge +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the empirical relation A = aR^{b} between the specific attenuation A and the rain rate R is used in the calculation of rain attenuation statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An updated model for millimeter wave propagation in moist air
TL;DR: In this article, a practical atmospheric millimeter-wave propagation model (MPM) is proposed to predict attenuation for dry air at 2.5-430 GHz. But the model is limited to frequencies below 300 GHz and the number of spectroscopic parameters can be reduced to less than 200.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering in rain and other hydrometeors
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the theories and results of numerical calculations of interactions between hydrometeors and microwaves or millimeter waves propagating in media containing these hydrometers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Millimeter-wave attenuation and delay rates due to fog/cloud conditions
TL;DR: In this paper, the propagation properties of suspended water and ice particles which make up atmospheric haze, fog, and clouds were examined for microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, and the rates of attenuation alpha (dB/km) and delay tau (ps/km), derived from a complex refractivity based on the Rayleigh absorption approximation of Mie's scattering theory, were derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interference coefficients for overlapping oxygen lines in air
TL;DR: In this article, the interference coefficients were determined for the 5-mm wavelength oxygen lines broadened by air and solved by the Twomey-Tikhonov method, which minimizes a cost function, subject to the condition of constant measurement error variance.
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