Journal ArticleDOI
MPM—An atmospheric millimeter-wave propagation model
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors characterized the neutral atmosphere for the frequency range from 1 to 300 GHz as a nonturbulent propagation medium and predicted attenuation and propagation delay effects from meteorological data sets: pressure, temperature, humidity, suspended particle concentration, and rain rate.Abstract:
The neutral atmosphere is characterized for the frequency range from 1 to 300 GHz as a nonturbulent propagation medium. Attenuation and propagation delay effects are predicted from meteorological data sets: pressure, temperature, humidity, suspended particle concentration, and rain rate. The physical data base of the propagation model consists of four terms: (a) resonance information for 30 water vapor and 48 oxygen absorption lines in the form of intensity coefficients and center frequency for each line; (b) a composite (oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen) continuum spectrum; (c) a hydrosol attenuation term for haze, fog, ,and cloud conditions; and (d) a rain attenuation model. Oxygen lines extend into the mesosphere, where they behave in a complicated manner due to the Zeeman effect. The geomagnetic field strength H is required as an additional input parameter. Each 02 line splits proportionally with H into numerous, sub-lines, which are juxtaposed to form a Zeeman pattern spread over a megahertz scale. Patterns for three main polarization cases are calculated. Detailed examples for model atmospheres provide basic millimeter wave propagation information over the height range 0 to 100 km of the neutral atmosphere.read more
Citations
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Shifting and broadening parameters of the water vapor 183-GHz line (313-220) by H2O, O2, N2, CO2, H2, He, Ne, Ar, and Kr at room temperature
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CloudSat Precipitation Profiling Algorithm—Model Description
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used basic concepts of detection and retrieval of light precipitation using spaceborne radars, based on physical principles of remote sensing, the radar model relies on the description of clouds and rain particles in terms of a drop size distribution function.
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Four-dimensional variational assimilation of special sensor microwave/imager total column water vapour in the ECMWF model
É. Gérard,Roger Saunders +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used special sensor microwave/imager (SSM/I) radiances to infer a total column water-vapour amount using a one-dimensional variational retrieval in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts forecast model.
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Land surface temperature retrieval over circumpolar Arctic using SSM/I-SSMIS and MODIS data
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combine passive microwave and thermal infrared data to estimate land surface temperature (LST) during summer snow-free periods over northern high latitudes, which is based on the SSM/I-SSMIS 37 GHz measurements at both vertical and horizontal polarizations.
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THz detection of small molecule vapors in the atmospheric transmission windows.
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The aR b relation in the calculation of rain attenuation
R. Olsen,D. Rogers,D. Hodge +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the empirical relation A = aR^{b} between the specific attenuation A and the rain rate R is used in the calculation of rain attenuation statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An updated model for millimeter wave propagation in moist air
TL;DR: In this article, a practical atmospheric millimeter-wave propagation model (MPM) is proposed to predict attenuation for dry air at 2.5-430 GHz. But the model is limited to frequencies below 300 GHz and the number of spectroscopic parameters can be reduced to less than 200.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering in rain and other hydrometeors
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the theories and results of numerical calculations of interactions between hydrometeors and microwaves or millimeter waves propagating in media containing these hydrometers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Millimeter-wave attenuation and delay rates due to fog/cloud conditions
TL;DR: In this paper, the propagation properties of suspended water and ice particles which make up atmospheric haze, fog, and clouds were examined for microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, and the rates of attenuation alpha (dB/km) and delay tau (ps/km), derived from a complex refractivity based on the Rayleigh absorption approximation of Mie's scattering theory, were derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interference coefficients for overlapping oxygen lines in air
TL;DR: In this article, the interference coefficients were determined for the 5-mm wavelength oxygen lines broadened by air and solved by the Twomey-Tikhonov method, which minimizes a cost function, subject to the condition of constant measurement error variance.
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