Journal ArticleDOI
Mycotic flora of the intestine and other internal organs of certain reptiles and amphibians with special reference to characterization of Basidiobolus isolates.
Harish C. Gugnani,J. I. Okafor +1 more
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In this article, the occurrence of pathogenic fungi was investigated in intestines, lungs, livers and spleens of 200 lizards (Agama agama), 50 wall geckos (Hemiolactylus sp), 20 toads (Bufo bufo) and 10 turtles (Chelonia mydas).Abstract:
Summary: The occurrence of pathogenic fungi was investigated in intestines, lungs, livers and spleens of 200 lizards (Agama agama), 50 wall geckos (Hemiolactylus sp.), 20 toads (Bufo bufo) and 10 turtles (Chelonia mydas). The most important pathogenic fungus isolated was Basidiobolus haptosporus. It was recovered from intestinal contents of 125 (62.5%) lizards, 5 (10%) geckos, and a toad. Other important fungi isolated included 2 isolates of Allescheria boydii from lungs, 10 of Aspergillus fumigatus from lungs and intestines, and 5 of Geotrichum candidum from intestines of lizards. The yeast-like fungi were represented by 6 isolates of Candida parapsilosis from intestines of a turtle and 2 toads, lungs of 2 lizards and from the lungs and liver of a toad, 3 of Candida sp. and 2 of Trichosporon sp. from intestines of lizards, and 1 of Pichia burtoni from the lungs of a lizard. The liver of the toad yielding C. parapsilosis showed abscess like pustules on its surface; direct microscopic examination of a pustule in 10% KOH showed budding yeast cells but histology did not reveal any invasion of the tissue by the fungus. None of the other animals yielding fungal cultures revealed any gross or microscopic evidence of fungal infection of the organs. The significance of the findings has been discussed.
Zusammenfassung: Bei 200 Eidechsen (Agama agama), 50 Mauergeckos (Hemiolactylus sp.), 20 Kroten (Bufo bufo) und 10 Schildkroten (Chelonia mydas) wurde das Vorkommen von Pilzen im Darm, in der Lunge, in der Leber und in der Milz untersucht. Als wichtigster pathogener Pilz wurde Basidiobolus haptosporus gefunden. Er wurde aus dem Darminhalt von 125 (62,5%) Eidechsen, 5 (10%) Geckos und bei einer Krote gefunden. Andere wichtige Pilze, die gefunden wurden, waren 2 Isolate von Allescheria boydii aus der Lunge, 10 Stamme von Aspergillus fumigatus aus Lunge und Darm sowie 5 Stamme von Geotrichum candidum aus dem Darm von Eidechsen. Als hefeartige Pilze wurden 6 Isolate von Candida parapsilosis aus dem Darm einer Schildkrote und von 2 Kroten, aus der Lunge von 2 Eidechsen und aus der Lunge und Leber von einer Krote gefunden. Ferner wurde 3 × Candida spezies und 2 × Trichosporon spezies aus dem Darm von Eidechsen sowie 1 × Pichia burtoni aus der Lunge einer Eidechse isoliert. Die Leber einer Krote aus der Candida parapsilosis isoliert worden war, zeigte abszessartige Pusteln an der Oberflache. Die direkte mikroskopische Untersuchung der Pusteln mit 10% KOH lies Sproszellen erkennen. In der Histologie fand sich jedoch keinerlei invasives Wachstum des Pilzes im Gewebe. Bei keinem der anderen Tiere, von denen Pilze isoliert worden waren, zeigten sich makroskopische oder mikroskopische Anzeichen einer mykotischen Infektion der Organe. Die Bedeutung der Befunde wird diskutiert.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Interactions between fungal pathogens and insect hosts
Ann E. Hajek,R. J. St +1 more
TL;DR: To develop fungi for control purposes, it is needed to understand the requirements for the high levels of disease transmission in the field that are characteristic of epizootics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scedosporium apiospermum: changing clinical spectrum of a therapy-refractory opportunist.
Josep Guarro,A. Serda Kantarcioglu,Regine Horré,Juan L. Rodriguez-Tudela,Manuel Cuenca Estrella,Juan Berenguer,G. Sybren de Hoog,G. Sybren de Hoog +7 more
TL;DR: The opportunist Scedosporium apiospermum (teleomorph: Pseudallescheria boydii) is reviewed, which is strongly promoted by agricultural and particularly by industrial pollution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial peptide defenses against pathogens associated with global amphibian declines.
Louise A. Rollins-Smith,Jennifer K. Doersam,Joyce E. Longcore,Sharon K. Taylor,Jessica C. Shamblin,Cynthia Carey,Michael Zasloff +6 more
TL;DR: First direct evidence that antimicrobial peptides in the skin can operate as a first line of defense against the organisms associated with global amphibian declines is shown, suggesting that this innate defense mechanism may play a role in preventing or limiting infection by these organisms.
Book ChapterDOI
Ecology of Terrestrial Fungal Entomopathogens
TL;DR: Some research efforts are directed toward understanding the factors leading to fungal infection in insects in order to investigate the potential for manipulating these systems to enhance levels of infection and promote development of epizootics (disease outbreaks).
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Pathology and Epizootiology of Entomophaga maimaiga Infections in Forest Lepidoptera
TL;DR: DNA analysis demonstrates that this pathogen differs significantly from North American members of the same species complex (the Lepidoptera-specific Entomophaga aulicae species complex), and isolates of this introduced pathogen display little heterogeneity in North America.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on the genus Basidiobolus with reclassification of the species pathogenic for man.
TL;DR: The etiologic agent of human subcutaneous phycomycosis was found to be a species of Basidiobolus which is characterized by the lack of a distinctive odor, by being able to grow well at human body temperature and in having smooth-walled zygospores.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basidiobolus and Cercospora from human infections.
TL;DR: Two cases of subcutaneous infection in children in Indonesia in which fungus hyphae of wide dimensions and with few septa were observed have been reported as mentioned in this paper. From one of these patients 65 colonies of...
Journal Article
A southern Basidiobolus forming many sporangia from globose and from elongated adhesive conidia
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of Basidiobolus meristosporus from natural sources.
TL;DR: In a recent publication, the results of an assay to isolate Basidiobolus sp.