Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy - What's new?
TLDR
An overview of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is provided to provide an overview of the disorder, possible links between the most important factors associated with the pathogenesis of NVP are presented and the effectiveness and safety of the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options available to treat this disorder are discussed.Abstract:
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is one of the most common disorders of pregnancy The symptoms occur predominantly during the first trimester, although in a subgroup of patients they can continue throughout the entire pregnancy and can affect the woman's quality of life A small percentage of women develop a severe form of NVP called hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) that if left untreated may lead to significant maternal morbidity and adverse birth outcomes Overall, the morbidity in pregnant women with NVP is significant, although it tends to be underestimated The pathogenesis of NVP remains unclear, but there is consensus that the disorder is multifactorial and that various genetic, endocrine and infectious factors may be involved The treatment of NVP can be challenging as the optimal targets for therapy are not known Currently, the therapy used depends on the severity of the disorder and it is focused on improving the symptoms while minimizing risks to mother and fetus Therapies range from dietary changes, pharmacologic treatment or hospitalization with intravenous fluid replacement and nutrition therapy The aims of this review are 1) to provide an overview of NVP, 2) to present possible links between the most important factors associated with the pathogenesis of NVP and 3) to discuss the effectiveness and safety of the pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options available to treat this disorderread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum
Marlena S. Fejzo,Marlena S. Fejzo,Jone Trovik,Jone Trovik,Iris J. Grooten,Kannan Sridharan,Tessa J. Roseboom,Åse Vikanes,Rebecca C. Painter,Patrick M. Mullin +9 more
TL;DR: This Primer provides a comprehensive review of the current state of basic science and clinical knowledge on nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, and its extreme form hyperemesis gravidarum.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Human Milk Microbiota is Modulated by Maternal Diet
Marina Padilha,Niels Banhos Danneskiold-Samsøe,Asker Daniel Brejnrod,Christian Hoffmann,Vanessa Pereira Cabral,Julia de Melo Iaucci,Cristiane Hermes Sales,Regina Mara Fisberg,Ramon V. Cortez,Susanne Brix,Carla R. Taddei,Karsten Kristiansen,Susana Marta Isay Saad +12 more
TL;DR: It is shown that maternal diet influences the human milk microbiota, especially during pregnancy, which may contribute in shaping the gut microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Associations of vomiting and antiemetic use in pregnancy with levels of circulating GDF15 early in the second trimester: A nested case-control study
Clive J. Petry,Ken K. Ong,Keith Burling,Peter Barker,Sandra F. Goodburn,John R. B. Perry,Carlo L. Acerini,Ieuan A. Hughes,Rebecca C. Painter,Gijs B. Afink,David B. Dunger,Stephen O'Rahilly +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors tested the hypothesis that circulating growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) concentrations in early pregnancy, whose gene is implicated in hyperemesis gravidarum, are associated with nausea and vomiting.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: Synthesis of National Guidelines.
TL;DR: Evidence-based medicine may lead to the adoption of an international guideline for the management of NVP, which might lead to a more effective management of that entity.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperemesis gravidarum, a literature review
TL;DR: The rationale and evidence considering infectious, immunological, psychological, metabolic and anatomical causes for HG have been analysed here, highlighting the need for more extensive studies addressing the pathogenesis and aetiology of HG.