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Nursery Cities: Urban Diversity, Process Innovation and the Life-Cycle of Products
Gilles Duranton,Diego Puga +1 more
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In this paper, a simple model of process innovation is proposed, where firms learn about their ideal production process by making prototypes and switch to mass-production and relocate to specialised cities with lower costs.Abstract:
A simple model of process innovation is proposed, where firms learn about their ideal production process by making prototypes. We build around this a dynamic general equilibrium model, and derive conditions under which diversified and specialised cities coexist. New products are developed in diversified cities, trying processes borrowed from different activities. On finding their ideal process, firms switch to mass-production and relocate to specialised cities with lower costs. When in equilibrium, this configuration welfare-dominates those with only diversified or only specialised cities. We find strong evidence of this relocation pattern in establishment relocations across French employment areas 1993u1996.read more
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Entrepreneurship in China: The role of localisation and urbanisation economies:
Qi Guo,Canfei He,Deyu Li +2 more
TL;DR: The authors explored the determinants of manufacturing entrepreneurship at the prefectural city level in China by highlighting the influence of factors such as economic growth and job creation on manufacturing entrepreneurship in China.
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Geographic concentration and vertical disintegration: Evidence from China☆
TL;DR: The authors used the instrumental variable approach to address the issue of endogeneity and found that geographic concentration has a positive causal effect on vertical disintegration of manufacturing firms from China, and showed a positive correlation between geographic concentration and vertical collapse.
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On the location of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in developing countries: lessons from São Paulo, Brazil
TL;DR: In this article, the authors empirically appraise the geographical distribution of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE) in the settings of an emerging economy and find strong evidence that the local presence of research-oriented universities, access to capital, and business concentration are correlated to KIE emergence and density.
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Creativity, Cities, and Innovation
Neil Lee,Andrés Rodríguez-Pose +1 more
TL;DR: This paper found no support for the hypothesis that urban creative industries firms are particularly innovative, however, creative occupations are used in cities to introduce product innovations learnt elsewhere, but not those learnt from elsewhere.
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University Innovation, Local Economic Growth, and Entrepreneurship
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the extent to which U.S. universities stimulate nearby economic activity using the interaction of a national shock to the spread of innovation from universities -the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 - with pre-determined variation both within a university in academic strengths and across universities in federal research funding.
References
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Book
Principles of Economics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the general relations of demand, supply, and value in terms of land, labour, capital, and industrial organization, with an emphasis on the fertility of land.
Book
The Economy of Cities
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the economy of cities and the main social problems that humanity has and the greatest source of creativity, innovation and development opportunities to solve those problems, which is relevant for a number of reasons: first of all, because most of the planet's population is grouped in them.
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Growth in Cities
Edward L. Glaeser,Edward L. Glaeser,Edward L. Glaeser,Hedi Kallal,Jose A. Scheinkman,Jose A. Scheinkman,Jose A. Scheinkman,Andrei Shleifer,Andrei Shleifer +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a new data set on the growth of large industries in 170 U.S. cities between 1956 and 1987 and found that local competition and urban variety, but not regional specialization, encourage employment growth in industries.
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Innovation in cities: Science-based diversity, specialization and localized competition
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the effect of the composition of economic activity on innovation and test whether the specialization of economic activities within a narrow concentrated set of activities is more conducive to knowledge spillovers or if diversity, by bringing together complementary activities, better promotes innovation.
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Original Innovation, Learnt Innovation and Cities: Evidence from UK SMEs:
Neil Lee,Andrés Rodríguez-Pose +1 more